Modern Fluid Dynamics Basic Theory and Selected Applications in Macr
This textbook covers the essentials of traditional and modern fluid dynamics, i.e., the fundamentals of and basic applications in fluid mechanics and convection heat transfer with brief excursions into fluid-particle dynamics and solid mechanics. Specific
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Clement Kleinstreuer
Modern Fluid Dynamics Basic Theory and Selected Applications in Macro- and Micro-Fluidics
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Modern Fluid Dynamics
FLUID MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS Volume 87 Series Editor:
R. MOREAU MADYLAM Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Hydraulique de Grenoble Boîte Postale 95 38402 Saint Martin d’Hères Cedex, France
Aims and Scope of the Series The purpose of this series is to focus on subjects in which fluid mechanics plays a fundamental role. As well as the more traditional applications of aeronautics, hydraulics, heat and mass transfer etc., books will be published dealing with topics which are currently in a state of rapid development, such as turbulence, suspensions and multiphase fluids, super and hypersonic flows and numerical modeling techniques. It is a widely held view that it is the interdisciplinary subjects that will receive intense scientific attention, bringing them to the forefront of technological advancement. Fluids have the ability to transport matter and its properties as well as to transmit force, therefore fluid mechanics is a subject that is particularly open to cross fertilization with other sciences and disciplines of engineering. The subject of fluid mechanics will be highly relevant in domains such as chemical, metallurgical, biological and ecological engineering. This series is particularly open to such new multidisciplinary domains. The median level of presentation is the first year graduate student. Some texts are monographs defining the current state of a field; others are accessible to final year undergraduates; but essentially the emphasis is on readability and clarity.
For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/5980
Clement Kleinstreuer
Modern Fluid Dynamics Basic Theory and Selected Applications in Macro- and Micro-Fluidics
Clement Kleinstreuer Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 27695-7910 USA [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-4020-8669-4 e-ISBN 978-1-4020-8670-0 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8670-0 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009934512 © Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose ofbeing entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To my family, Christin, Nicole, and Joshua
Contents Preface...................................................................................................................xiii Part A: Fluid Dynamics Essentials 1
Review of Basic Engineering Concepts ......................................................... 3 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
2
Approaches, De
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