Morphological description of the house cricket ( Acheta domesticus Linnaeus, 1758; Orthoptera: Gryllidae) egg in captivi
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Morphological description of the house cricket (Acheta domesticus Linnaeus, 1758; Orthoptera: Gryllidae) egg in captivity Bleu Gondo Douan 1
&
Mamadou Doumbia 2 & Koffi Eric Kwadjo 2 & Kouadio Dagobert Kra 2
Received: 27 May 2020 / Accepted: 14 October 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract The house cricket (Acheta domesticus) is a nutrient-rich insect that can be mass-produced for food to bridge the nutritional gap of human food. Good knowledge of the different developmental stages is crucial for the success of its farming. This study is therefore aimed at understanding the morphological changes of house cricket egg, first stage of the development cycle, but unfortunately little studied. To achieve this, 92 eggs were observed, measured and described in the laboratory. Measurements were taken from day one old to hatching. Six days after oviposition, the outer chorion degradation had started. From ten days, the translucent chorion was visible, revealing the eyes of the embryo as well as bilateral symmetry. An advanced pigmentation, metamerism and the presence of cerci were then observed on day twelve (12). The incubation time for this elongated egg was sixteen (16) days. During this period, variations in egg length (2.53 ± 0.10 mm to 3.32 ± 0.24 mm) and width (0.75 ± 0 mm to 0.99 ± 0.04 mm) were recorded. As for the volume, a variation of 0.66 ± 0.03 mm3 to 1.92 ± 0.23 mm3 was noted. Egg length, width and volume increased slowly from 1 to 4 days. This increase was somewhat faster from 4 to 8 days before reaching a plateau until hatching. A variation in the egg aspect ratio from 3.38 ± 0.14 to 3.36 ± 0.24 was then noted throughout development. The results of the present study could form a basis for successful breeding of this insect. Keywords Edible insects . Acheta domesticus . Egg . Morphological changes . Embryonic development
Introduction Malnutrition level is staggering in the world according to a study conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in 2016. This study revealed that many countries in the world have serious levels of both malnutrition and adult overweight. Two (2) billion people suffer from micronutrient malnutrition with, nearly 800 million people suffer from a calorie deficiency. Children under five (5) years old are not spared because 159 million are too short for their age while, 50 million are under weigh. This observation prompted the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
* Bleu Gondo Douan [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Research and Training Unit of Biological Sciences, Department of Animal Biology, University Peleforo Gon Coulibaly, Po Box 1328, Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire
2
Research and Training Unit of the Nature Sciences, University Nangui Abrogoua, 02 Po Box 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire
by world leaders in 2015 in order to curb all forms of malnutrition by 2030 (IFPRI 2016). Entomophagy could be an important instrument to achieve this goal. Indeed, the importance of insects as a
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