Multiple nature analysis of Carreau nanomaterial flow due to shrinking geometry with heat transfer
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Multiple nature analysis of Carreau nanomaterial flow due to shrinking geometry with heat transfer Hashim1 Received: 19 June 2019 / Accepted: 19 October 2019 © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2019
Abstract An astonishing feature of modern research in the field of fluid flow and heat transfer is the suspension of small solid particles (nanoparticle) in the working fluid to increase the low thermal conductivity of these fluids. Because of unique chemical and physical properties, nanomaterials are being progressively utilized in almost every field of science and technology. Therefore, the intent of current manuscript is to theoretically examine the magneto-hydrodynamic flow of Carreau nanofluids along with heat transport in the presence of heat generation driven by a wedge-shaped shrinking geometry. We incorporated the revised Buongiorno’s model in which nanofluids particle fraction on the boundary is passively controlled. Mathematical modeling of assumed physical problem results in a system of non-linear partial differential equations outlining the basic conservation laws. The governing problem is made dimensionless with the assistance of non-dimensional variables and numerical solutions are computed via a built-in MATLAB solver bvp4c. The computed results showed that multiple solutions (first and second) exist for the non-dimensional velocity, temperature and concentration distributions by applying the said numerical scheme. We concluded that by enhancing the magnetic parameter the nanofluid velocity increases in case of second solution while an opposite is true for temperature. Further, the outcomes indicate that higher heat generation parameter leads to enhance the temperature distributions in both solutions. Keywords Carreau nanofluid · Multiple solutions · Heat generation/absorption · Wedge-shape geometry · Magnetic field
Introduction At present, the low thermal conductivity of the ordinary liquids is a big challenge which has diverted the attention of researchers. The new heat transfer fluids called nanofluids have been developed to address this challenge. In fact, nanofluids are dilute suspension which is obtained by adding the solid particles of size less than 100 nm in ordinary liquids. Recently, several experimental studies have been devoted on this new type of heat transferring flowing fluids which witnessed improved thermo physical traits, like thermal conductivity, viscosity and density. The various solid particles employed in engineering and industrial process are metallic and non-metallic, for instance, copper, silver, gold, titanium oxide, silica, alumina, etc.
* Hashim [email protected] 1
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
These fluids having high heat transferring properties are widely used in different practical problems, for example, in temperature reduction, cancer therapy, solar collectors, electronic cooling, peristaltic pumps for diabetic treatment, etc. The notion of nanofluids was origi
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