Need for choosing the ideal pH value for IVF culture media
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REVIEW
Need for choosing the ideal pH value for IVF culture media Nicolas Gatimel 1,2 & Jessika Moreau 1,2 & Jean Parinaud 1,2 & Roger D. Léandri 1,2 Received: 6 December 2019 / Accepted: 19 February 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Monitoring the pH of IVF culture media is a good practice, but the required pH levels have been “arbitrarily” set. Assisted reproductive technology centers around the world are spending time and money on pH monitoring without any consensus to date. The objective of this narrative review was to evaluate the importance of pH monitoring during IVF, discover how the oocyte and embryo regulate their intracellular pH and try to determine the optimal pH to be applied. Methods A narrative literature review was performed on publications in the PubMed database reporting on the impact of pH on cellular function, oocyte and embryo development, IVF outcomes and pathophysiology, or on physiological pH in the female reproductive tract. Results Intracellular pH regulates many cellular processes such as meiotic spindle stability of the oocyte, cell division and differentiation, embryo enzymatic activities, and blastocoel formation. The internal pH of the human embryo is maintained by regulatory mechanisms (mainly Na+/H+ and HCO3−/Cl− exchangers) that can be exceeded, particularly in the oocyte and earlystage embryos. The opinion that the optimal pH for embryo culture is physiological pH is not correct since several physicochemical parameters specific to IVF culture conditions (temperature, medium composition, duration of culture, or implication of CO2) can modify the intracellular pH of the embryo and change its needs and adaptability. Conclusions Because correct and stable extracellular pH is essential to embryo health and development, monitoring pH is imperative. However, there is a lack of clinical data on choosing the ideal pH for human IVF culture media. Keywords pH . Preimplantation mammalian embryo . CO2 . Bicarbonate . Hydrogen ion . IVF . Culture media
Introduction Despite progress in assisted reproductive technology (ART), the delivery rate per oocyte aspiration during IVF remains low (14.1 to 37.8%) [1]. As well as being affected by problems of aneuploidy linked to the quality of gametes, embryo development also depends on good culture conditions, since the preimplantation embryo is highly sensitive to its environment. Furthermore, there is growing evidence that embryo culture conditions are critical per se not only for pre-implantation
* Nicolas Gatimel [email protected] 1
Department of Reproductive Medicine, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospitals, 330 avenue de Grande Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
2
EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospitals, 330 avenue de Grande Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
embryo development but also for the postimplantation period and long-term health [2–5]. Numerous data suggest the importance of pH control in the IVF c
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