Nitrogen addition to the canopy of Castanopsis chinensis (Sprengel) Hance promoted xylem formation in a subtropical fore
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RESEARCH PAPER
Nitrogen addition to the canopy of Castanopsis chinensis (Sprengel) Hance promoted xylem formation in a subtropical forest in China Xiali Guo 1,2,3,4 & Jian-Guo Huang 1,2,3 & Jingye Li 1,2,3,4 & Hanxue Liang 1,2,3 & Biyun Yu 1,2,3,4 & Qianqian Ma 1,2,3 & Shaowei Jiang 1,2,3,4 & Xiankai Lu 1,2,3 & Shenglei Fu 5 & Qing Ye 1,2 & Ping Zhao 1,2,3 & Xian Cai 1,2,3 Received: 27 September 2019 / Accepted: 15 May 2020 # INRAE and Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract & Key message Nitrogen addition during 4 years to the canopy of Castanopsis chinensis (Sprengel) Hance promoted xylem formation, mainly by increasing radial growth during the early growth season. & Context Increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition caused by intensive anthropogenic activities resulted in inconsistent effects on the xylem formation of trees, in N-limited boreal and temperate forests. However, the effects of N deposition on xylem formation of trees in subtropical forests are still poorly understood. & Aims The aims of the study were to (i) characterize the dynamics of xylem formation in C. chinensis in a subtropical forest in China and (ii) determine the effect on xylem formation of adding N to the canopy. −1 −1 & Methods From 2013 to 2016, 50 kg N ha year was applied over the canopy of C. chinensis at the end of each month (April to October) in a subtropical forest in southern China. Then, the dynamics of xylem formation were monitored during 2015 and 2016 using a microcore sampling approach. & Results Xylem formation of C. chinensis lasted from February to December and the growth rate peaked during April–May. Adding N to the canopy promoted xylem width, by 21% in 2015 and 20% in 2016, mainly by increasing the growth rate during the early growth season (February to May in 2015 and February to April in 2016). & Conclusion Our study suggests that in a subtropical forest, canopy N addition could significantly promote the xylem ring width of C. chinensis. However, the response of tree growth to N addition showed significant difference between the early and late growth season. Therefore, further studies are needed to more comprehensively address the effect of N deposition on tree growth under global climate change. Keywords Nitrogen deposition . Broad leaf species . Wood formation . Growth rate . Carbon sink
1 Introduction
Xiali Guo, Jian-Guo Huang and Jingye Li contributed equally to this work. Xiali Guo, Jian-Guo Huang, and Jingye Li are co-first authors. Handling Editor: Cyrille B. K. Rathgeber Contributions of the co-authors JGH, SLF, QY, PZ, XAC, and XKL designed the study; XLG conducted the field and lab work; XLG, HXL, BYY, QQM, and SWJ analyzed the data; and XLG, JGH, and JYL wrote the manuscript. * Jian-Guo Huang [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Deposition of atmospheric nitrogen (N) induced by intensive human activities, including fuel combustion and fertilization, has altered the N cycle on a global scale (Galloway et al. 2004). Altho
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