Occurrence of the genus Dolichodorus Cobb 1914 (Nematoda: Dolichodoridae) in Iran, and description of D. rex n. sp.
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Occurrence of the genus Dolichodorus Cobb 1914 (Nematoda: Dolichodoridae) in Iran, and description of D. rex n. sp. Samira Fadakar & Farahnaz Jahanshahi Afshar & Majid Pedram
Accepted: 22 July 2020 # Koninklijke Nederlandse Planteziektenkundige Vereniging 2020
Abstract The genus Dolichodorus was discovered from a natural forest in Gilan province, north Iran, in association with an oak tree. The recovered population represents a new species, and was described and illustrated based upon morphological and molecular data, as D. rex n. sp. It is characterized by 2171–3275 μm long females having offset crown-like cephalic region with well sclerotized cephalic framework, raised perioral disc apparently with a small raised oral plate, 118.5, 130.0 μm long stylet, its conus ca. 55% of the total length and three posteriorly sloping knobs, 291–316 μm long pharynx with a short overlap, secretory-excretory pore at slightly variable position (one-two annuli posterior, or four annuli anterior to metacorpus base), vulva sunken in body, at %50 of the body length, vagina heavily sclerotized with two drop-like refractive pieces close to the vulval opening, 78–104 μm long tail with proximal convex conoid, and conical distal part with pointed to blunt tip; and a 2634 μm long male with 108.5 μm long stylet, 291 μm long pharynx, 20 μm long tail and 53 μm long spicules. In molecular phylogenetic analyses using partial sequences of the small, and D2-D3 expansion S. Fadakar : M. Pedram (*) Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran e-mail: [email protected] F. Jahanshahi Afshar Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
segments of the large subunit ribosomal DNA, the new species formed a clade with two other currently sequenced species of the genus in both phylogenies. Keywords Gilan province . Gisoom forest . LSU . Morphology . Phylogeny . Quercus sp. . SSU
Introduction Currently the subfamily Dolichodorinae Chitwood in Chitwood & Chitwood 1950, has two genera, Dolichodorus Cobb 1914 and Neodolichodorus Andrássy 1976 (Geraert 2011). The list of the plant parasitic nematodes prevalent in Iran until 2016 are given by Ghaderi et al. (2018). According to them, 17 genera of the family Dolichodoridae Chitwood in Chitwood & Chitwood 1950 abound in Iran. In a recent study, the genus Neodolichodorus from the subfamily Dolichodorinae was reported from the country in association with mangroves (Gharahkhani et al. 2019). Until now, there have been no reports of the occurrence of the only other genus in the subfamily, Dolichodorus. During our surveys in undisturbed natural forests of Iran to detect potential harmful nematode pests of forest trees, the genus Dolichodorus was recovered in a sandy soil sample collected from the rhizosphere of an oak tree in Gilan province. The comparison with all species under the genus revealed it does not fit them, and belongs to an unknown species, being described and
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