On the Use of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Extract for the Biosynthesis of NiO and ZnO Nanoparticles
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MRS Advances © 2020 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2020.212
On the Use of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Extract for the Biosynthesis of NiO and ZnO Nanoparticles I. Ngoma,b,c, N. M. Ndiayea, A. Falla,b,c, M. Bakayokoa,b,c, B. D. Ngoma,b, M. Maazab,c a
Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique, Energie et Nano-Fabrication, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD) B.P. 5005 Dakar-Fann, Dakar, Sénégal b
UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (U2ACN2), College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa c
Nanosciences Africa Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West 7129, PO Box 722, Western Cape, South Africa
ABSTRACT This contribution reports on the biosynthesis of nickel oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs & ZnO-NPs) via a natural extract from Moringa Oleifera leaves as an effective chelating and/or oxidizing/reduction agent of nickel nitrate hexahydrate and zinc nitrate hexahydrate. The structural and optical properties of these two types of semiconductors obtained in a similar procedure are investigated using X-rays Diffraction (XRD), Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR), diffuse reflectance UV-Visible-NIR and Photoluminescence (PL) techniques. The structural analysis shows the formation of pure cubic NiO-NPs and pure wurtzite ZnO-NPs with an average crystallite size of 17.80 nm and 10.81 nm respectively. Their band gaps, calculated from the diffuse reflectance analysis were found to be 4.28 eV and 3.35 eV respectively.
INTRODUCTION Nanoparticles are compounds with a small size of less than 100 nm [1]. They have specific physicochemical properties often different from those of their homolog bulk particles. This difference in properties could originate from the phenomena of size effects, the high ratio surface area/volume of nanoparticles and/or the quantum confinement effects [2,3]. Nanostructured materials are potential candidates for various applications in many fields such as physics, medicine, agriculture, and telecommunications among others. The current growth and development of nanoscience and nanotechnology depend on the variety, number, and properties of nanoparticles
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namely the structural properties (crystallite size, crystallinity) and the optical properties (energy band gap, structural defects). Therefore, many efforts have been made in the design and the production of nanoscaled metal oxides that possess shape and size allowing them to be used in photocatalysis, supercapacitor, battery, electrocatalysis, and electron transfer systems [4–8]. Compared to the other techniques, green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts and microorganisms offers the advantage t
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