Optical Materials and Their Properties
This chapter provides an extended overview on todayʼs optical materials, which are commonly used for optical components and systems. In Sect. 5.1 the underlying physical background on light–matter interaction is presented, where the phenomena of refractio
- PDF / 4,935,684 Bytes
- 124 Pages / 547.146 x 686 pts Page_size
- 62 Downloads / 268 Views
Optical Mater 5. Optical Materials and Their Properties
This chapter provides an extended overview on today’s optical materials, which are commonly used for optical components and systems. In Sect. 5.1 the underlying physical background on light–matter interaction is presented, where the phenomena of refraction (linear and nonlinear), reflection, absorption, emission and scattering are introduced. Sections 5.2 through 5.8 focus on the detailed properties of the most common types of optical materials, such as glass, glass ceramics, crystals, and plastics. In addition, special materials displaying “unusual nonlinear” or “quasi-nonreversible” optical behavior such as photorefractive or photorecording solids are described in Sect. 5.9. The reader could use this chapter as either a comprehensive introduction to the field of optical materials or as a reference text for the most relevant material information.
5.4 Laser Glass ........................................... 5.4.1 Common Laser Glasses and Properties ............................. 5.4.2 Laser Damage .............................. 5.4.3 Storage and Handling of Laser Glass
293 297 300
5.5 Glass–Ceramics for Optical Applications .. 5.5.1 Overview ..................................... 5.5.2 Properties of Glass–Ceramics ......... 5.5.3 Applications ................................
300 300 301 306
5.6 Nonlinear Materials .............................. 5.6.1 Overview on Nonlinear Optical Materials..................................... 5.6.2 Application: All Optical Switching ..................... 5.6.3 Second Harmonic Generation in Glass....................................... 5.6.4 Glass Systems Investigated for Nonlinear Effects ..................... 5.6.5 NL-Effects in Doped Glasses...........
307
5.2
5.3
Interaction of Light with Optical Materials ........................... 5.1.1 Dielectric Function ....................... 5.1.2 Linear Refraction.......................... 5.1.3 Absorption .................................. 5.1.4 Optical Anisotropy ........................ 5.1.5 Nonlinear Optical Behavior and Optical Poling ........................ 5.1.6 Emission ..................................... 5.1.7 Volume Scattering ........................ 5.1.8 Surface Scattering ........................ 5.1.9 Other Effects ................................ Optical Glass ........................................ 5.2.1 Chronological Development ........... 5.2.2 Compositions of Modern Optical Glass ................ 5.2.3 Environmentally Friendly Glasses ... 5.2.4 How to Choose Appropriate Optical Glasses .......................................
250 250 255 258 261 265 269 271 275 278 282 282 283 287 288
Colored Glasses .................................... 290 5.3.1 Basics ......................................... 290 5.3.2 Color in Glass ............................... 292
307 312 313 313 314
Plastic Optics ........................................ 5.7.1 Moulding Materials ...................... 5.7.2 Manufacturing Methods ................ 5.7.3 Manufacturing Process
Data Loading...
