Origins and Foundations of Computing In Cooperation with Heinz Nixdo
The Heinz Nixdorf Museum Forum (HNF) is the world’s largest c- puter museum and is dedicated to portraying the past, present and future of information technology. In the “Year of Informatics 2006” the HNF was particularly keen to examine the history of th
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Friedrich L. Bauer
Origins and Foundations of Computing In Cooperation with Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum
With Editorial Assistance from Norbert Ryska
Prof. Dr. Friedrich L. Bauer Professor Emeritus für Mathematik und Informatik Technische Universität München Boltzmannstr. 3 85748 Garching, Germany
Translation from the German language edition: “Kurze Geschichte der Informatik” authored by Friedrich L. Bauer. Copyright © Wilhelm Fink Verlag, Paderborn, Germany 2007
ISBN 978-3-642-02991-2 e-ISBN 978-3-642-02992-9 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-02992-9 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009940334 ACM Computing Classification (1998): K.2, A.0 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: KünkelLopka GmbH, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
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Foreword
The Heinz Nixdorf Museum Forum (HNF) is the world’s largest computer museum and is dedicated to portraying the past, present and future of information technology. In the “Year of Informatics 2006” the HNF was particularly keen to examine the history of this still quite young discipline. The short-lived nature of information technologies means that individuals, inventions, devices, institutes and companies “age” more rapidly than in many other specialties. And in the nature of things the group of computer pioneers from the early days is growing smaller all the time. To supplement a planned new exhibit on “Software and Informatics” at the HNF, the idea arose of recording the history of informatics in an accompanying publication. My search for suitable sources and authors very quickly came up with the right answer, the very first name in Germany: Friedrich L. Bauer, Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at the TU in Munich, one of the fathers of informatics in Germany and for decades the indefatigable author of the “Historical Notes” column of the journal Informatik Spektrum. Friedrich L. Bauer was already the author of two works on the history of informatics, published in different decades and in different books. Both of them are notable for their knowledgeable, extremely comprehensive and yet compact style. My obvi
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