Pacific Rim Objective Measurement Symposium (PROMS) 2012 Conference Proceeding

The Pacific Rim Objective Measurement Symposium (PROMS) is held in Jiaxing, China August 6-9, 2012. Over the past years, PROMS has been promoting the research of and contributing to the development of Rasch Model in one way or another. As early as in

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Pacific Rim Objective Measurement Symposium (PROMS) 2012 Conference Proceeding

Pacific Rim Objective Measurement Symposium (PROMS) 2012 Conference Proceeding

Quan Zhang • Hong Yang Editors

Pacific Rim Objective Measurement Symposium (PROMS) 2012 Conference Proceeding

Editors Quan Zhang Hong Yang Faculty of Foreign Studies University of Jiaxing Jiaxing, Zhejiang China, People’s Republic

ISBN 978-3-642-37591-0 ISBN 978-3-642-37592-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-37592-7 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013940421 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Foreword

A Welcome Message from Chairman of PROMS Professor Rob Cavanagh (PhD) Chairman of the Board of Management Pacific Rim Objective Measurement Society On behalf of the Board of Management of the Pacific Rim Objective Measurement Society, it is my privilege and pleasure to welcome delegates to the 2012 Symposium in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China. This is an auspicious occasion and marks the first time PROMS has been held on the Chinese mainland. I particularly need to sincerely thank Professor Quan Zhang (Ph.D.), the Dean of the College of Foreign Studies and Director of the Institute of Language Tes