Penicillium rotoruae , a new Species from an In-Ground Timber Durability Test Site in New Zealand
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Penicillium rotoruae, a new Species from an In‑Ground Timber Durability Test Site in New Zealand Diahanna O’Callahan1 · Alankar Vaidya1 · Lloyd Donaldson1 · Tripti Singh1 Received: 16 April 2020 / Accepted: 5 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A Penicillium species isolated during a 1960s study on the ecology of fungi infecting Pinus radiata timber, and subsequently held in an in-house collection in Rotorua, New Zealand, was found to differ morphologically and in growth rate from two closely related Penicillium species. Phylogenetic analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), β-tubulin, calmodulin and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit regions (RPB2) confirmed this to be a new species closely related to Penicillium ochrochloron in the Rolfsiorum series of the Lanata-Divaricata section and Aspergilloides sub-genus. Micromorphologically, the new species is characterised by predominantly monoverticilliate and occasional divaricate or biverticilliate conidiophores and smooth-walled subglobose to slightly ovoid conidia with absence of conidiogenesis at 25 °C. This new species is described here as Penicillium rotoruae sp. nov. which has potential applications in biofuel and biorefining industry.
Introduction In the southern hemisphere, New Zealand is a leading country in commercial forestry and lumber production. Exports of all forestry products were valued at NZ$ 6.4 billion in 2018 [1]. Commercial plantations are composed primarily of softwood species of which 90% is comprised of Pinus radiata [2]. One-third of the plantation is located around the central North Island. The in-ground field test is routinely used for assessing durability (resistance to decay) of natural or preservative treated wood intended for use in outside construction. Decay of wood in contact with soil is caused by symbiotic interactions of the microbiome present in the soil. Bacteria, fungi and insects are all active during a typical decay process. Wood samples collected from the field testing facility at Scion (NZ Forest Research Institute Ltd, Rotorua), Whakarewarewa (GPS co-ordinates: 38° 9′15″ S 176° 15′58″ E) were screened for novel mycobiota [3]. A single isolate of Penicillium sp. that could not be assigned
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-02204-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Alankar Vaidya [email protected] 1
Scion, Te Papa Tipu Innovation Park, 49 Sala Street, Rotorua, 3046, New Zealand
to any described species was found. It is described here as Penicillium rotoruae sp. nov. (in-house collection number 43A), CBS 145838, NMI V19/026738) in honour of the city Rotorua in the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand, from where this fungus was isolated. Penicillium is an Ascomycete genus and belongs to the family Aspergillaceae. It is one of the oldest and most diverse fungal genera known and studied [4] with a worldwide distrib
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