Periodontal Disease Impairs Muscle Recovery by Modulating the Recruitment of Leukocytes
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Periodical Disease Impairs Muscle Recovery by Modulating the Recruitment of Leukocytes Bárbara Capitanio de Souza ,1,4 Bibiana Franzen Matte,1 André Luiz Lopes,2 Bruno Costa Teixeira,2 and Marcelo Lazzaron Lamers1,3
The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of periodontal disease (PD) associated with physical exercise on inflammatory mediators and muscle repair. Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (SH), healthy trained (TH), sedentary with PD (SP), and trained with PD (TP). PD was induced in groups SP and TP while the trained groups performed treadmill exercises for 8 weeks. For the analysis of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and leukocyte count, we collected blood samples. Cryolesions were induced in the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius, which were analyzed for morphological changes. The presence of PD modified leukocyte counts, while exercise showed an additive role. PD increased levels of IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, and physical exercise changed only values of IL-10. The association between physical exercise and PD was responsible for an increased concentration of leukocytes in the region of the inflammation. Serum levels of inflammatory markers were modified by PD and, when combined with exercise, may negatively modulate inflammation. The association between PD and physical exercise showed the most significant changes in the number of inflammatory cells and may negatively influence the process of muscle repair.
Abstract—
KEY WORDS: physical education and training; athletic performance; inflammation; muscular diseases; oral health.
INTRODUCTION
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-019-01128-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 1
Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil 2 Laboratory of Exercise Research (LAPEX), College of Physical Education (ESEF), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil 3 Department of Morphological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil 4 To whom correspondence should be addressed at Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]
Periodontal disease (PD) is present in a high percentage of the adult population and is characterized as an infectious and inflammatory disease with different levels of aggressiveness that affect the soft and hard tissues surrounding teeth [1]. The protective (gingiva) and supportive (periodontium) tissues surrounding teeth may develop an inflammatory response due to chronic oral bacteria accumulation [2, 3], which can modify several local and systemic inflammatory mediators, which might influence homeostasis in non-oral tissues [4, 5]. PD is known to increase blood levels of several proinflammatory cytokines [6], which makes PD a risk factor
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