Photo-Fenton Treatment of a Pharmaceutical Industrial Effluent Under Safe pH Conditions
This chapter aims to present the effect of treating a pharmaceutical industrial effluent by photo-Fenton catalyzed with a Fe-pillared bentonite. XRD proved the pillaring process successful, and by N2 physisorption, it was established that the specific sur
- PDF / 462,788 Bytes
- 19 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 31 Downloads / 170 Views
ents 1 Introduction 2 Photo-Fenton Catalyst 2.1 Fe-PILC Synthesis 2.2 Fe-PILC Characterization 3 Effluent Characterization 4 Effluent Treatment 4.1 Effect of Catalyst Loading 4.2 Effect of pH 4.3 Effect of H2O2 Concentration 4.4 Effect of TOC Initial Concentration 4.5 Effluent Characterization After Photo-Fenton Treatment 5 Oxidative Stress Determination Prior and Posttreatment Using Hyalella azteca as Biomarker 5.1 Procurement, Culturing, and Maintenance of Specimens 5.2 Artificial Sediment 5.3 Oxidative Stress
R. Natividad, A. Mendoza, and R. Romero (*) Chemical Engineering Lab., Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico e-mail: [email protected] S. E. Brewer Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC, Canada S. L. Martínez-Vargas, K. A. Novoa, and L. M. Gómez-Oliván Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón Esq. Paseo Tollocan, Toluca, Mexico J. L. Pérez-Mazariego Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de México, Mexico © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 L. M. Gómez-Oliván (ed.), Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Water: Emerging Contaminants and Ecological Impact, Hdb Env Chem, https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2020_551
R. Natividad et al. 6 Conclusions References
Abstract This chapter aims to present the effect of treating a pharmaceutical industrial effluent by photo-Fenton catalyzed with a Fe-pillared bentonite. XRD proved the pillaring process successful, and by N2 physisorption, it was established that the specific surface area of bentonite (34 m2/g) increased to 277 m2/g and pore volume increased from 0.058 to 0.106 cm3/g. Active Fe species were identified by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The effect of reaction variables such as catalyst loading, pH, H2O2 concentration, and initial concentration of total organic carbon (TOC) is also presented. It was concluded that to reach near 100% mineralization, an acidic pH (2.7) should be observed. A high mineralization under these conditions, however, does not directly correlate with a low toxicity. Actually, the oxidative stress biomarkers only decreased when pH was not modified (pH ¼ 8) albeit the attained mineralization was only 51%. It is worth noticing that the use of pillared clays allows carrying out photo-Fenton treatment under pH conditions other than acidic. The synthesized catalyst exhibited magnetism and this can be used for an easier recovery. Keywords AOPs, Emerging contaminants, Mineralization, Photocatalysis, Toxicity, Wastewater
1 Introduction The pharmaceutical production is one of the biggest problems related to water pollution. In Mexico, it has been shown that pharmaceutical industry effluents are a mixture of a variety of compounds frequently toxic [1], which include excipients, pharmaceutical drugs, and washing products. In this context, the effluents of production processes of emerging contaminants, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSA
Data Loading...
