Potential for Marker-Assisted Simultaneous Improvement of Grain and Biomass Yield in Triticale
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Potential for Marker-Assisted Simultaneous Improvement of Grain and Biomass Yield in Triticale Wenxin Liu 1 & Hans Peter Maurer 2 & Willmar L. Leiser 2 & Matthew R. Tucker 3 & Sigrid Weissmann 4 & Volker Hahn 2 & Tobias Würschum 2
# Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016
Abstract Triticale is a promising crop for agricultural biomass production but breeding has until now mainly focused on grain yield. Here, we evaluated the potential of markerassisted simultaneous improvement of grain yield and biomass yield. To this end, we employed a large triticale doubled haploid population with 647 individuals derived from four families that were phenotyped for grain yield and biomass yield, as well as thousand-kernel weight, tiller density, and plant height in multi-environment field trials. Employing an association mapping approach, we identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for all the five traits. The phenotypic correlation between grain yield and biomass yield was low, and we detected only one overlapping QTL suggesting different genetic architectures underlying both traits. Our results indicate that a marker-based selection for either grain yield or biomass yield does not adversely affect the other traits. Furthermore, an improvement of the multiplicative yield traits can to some extent also be achieved by selection for QTL identified for the component traits. Taken together, our results suggest that marker-
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12155-016-9809-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Tobias Würschum [email protected] 1
Crop Genetics and Breeding Department, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
2
State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
3
School of Agriculture Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
4
HegeSaat GmbH & Co.KG, 78224 Singen-Bohlingen, Germany
assisted breeding can assist the establishment of dual-purpose triticale cultivars with high grain and biomass yield. Keywords Triticale . Grain yield . Biomass yield . QTL . Association mapping . Marker-assisted breeding
Introduction Agriculturally produced crop biomass holds a huge unexplored potential for biomass production for industrial purposes (e.g., bioenergy, biofuels, biomaterials) and thus for a sustainable bio-economy. In recent years, energy crops have grown in acreage resulting in a competition of arable land for food, feed, or biomass production, which is often controversially discussed. To date, crops are usually grown for one purpose only but seldom for dual-purpose, i.e., harvest of grain and remaining biomass. Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) can produce a higher biomass yield for a comparable grain yield as compared to other small-grain cereals such as wheat, barley, or rye [1]. Some studies therefore indicated that triticale may be suited for a joint use of grain and biomass yield [2–4]. While the biomass yield of triticale is
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