Potential Inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 and Functional Food Components as Nutritional Supplement for COVID-19: A Review
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Potential Inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2 and Functional Food Components as Nutritional Supplement for COVID-19: A Review Pushpendra Singh 1 & Manish Kumar Tripathi 2 & Mohammad Yasir 3 & Ruchi Khare 4 & Manoj Kumar Tripathi 5 & Rahul Shrivastava 4 Accepted: 28 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The severe acute respiratory syndrome is a viral respiratory infection and commonly called as COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). It widely transmitted through direct or indirect contact. Currently, no specific treatment against SARS-CoV-2 are available; only prevention and supportive strategy are the preventive measures. The present review emphasizes the latest research related to COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 virus as well as the current status of potential inhibitors identified. Recent interest in SARS-CoV-2 has focused on transmission, symptoms, structure, and its structural proteins that exhibit promising therapeutics targets for rapid identification of potential inhibitors. The quick identification of potential inhibitors and immune-boosting functional food ingredients are crucial to combat this pandemic disease. We also tried to give an overview of the functional food components as a nutritional supplement, which helps in boosting our immune system and could be useful in preventing the COVID-19 and/or to improve the outcome during therapy. Keywords COVID-19 . SARS-CoV-2 . Food ingredients . Immune-boosting . Potential inhibitors
Introduction In December 2019, a pandemic outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) occurred, it is a global health emergency caused by novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV. According to the reports, COVID-19 is emerged from China, giving health threat to the public around the globe since December 2019 Pushpendra Singh and Manish Kumar Tripathi both the Authors Contributed Equally, Joint First Author * Rahul Shrivastava [email protected] 1
ICAR - National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462021, India
2
Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
3
Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462020, India
4
Department of Biological Science & Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462003, India
5
Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462038, India
[1, 2]. COVID-19 is a severe respiratory infectious disease which transmitted from human to human through respiratory droplets; it also spreads through airborne droplets and by the direct contacts of peoples [3, 4]. Individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection may require 1 to 14 days before developing symptoms or may remain asymptomatic [5]. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever (91%), tiredness (73%), dry cough (52%) [6] although this disease can be severe and even fatal. COVID-19
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