Potential Means to Reduce CO 2 Emissions of Iron and Steel Industry in Ukraine Using Best Available Technologies
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Potential Means to Reduce CO2 Emissions of Iron and Steel Industry in Ukraine Using Best Available Technologies Volodymyr Shatokha1 · Elena Matukhno1 · Karina Belokon2 · Grygorii Shmatkov3 Received: 14 June 2020 / Accepted: 11 August 2020 © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2020
Abstract The aspects of the climate change mitigation via modernization of the iron and steel industry in Ukraine are discussed. Resources, historic development context, production, and greenhouse gas emissions of the steel sector in Ukraine are analyzed in relation to relevant patterns in the European Union, China, Russia, and worldwide. Several Best Available Technologies, suitable for deployment in Ukraine, are analyzed covering the experience of their implementation in various regions of the world, and their potential for saving energy and cutting carbon dioxide emissions. Two options of modernization with several differently diffused key Best Available Technologies related to sintering, ironmaking, steelmaking, and casting are elaborated, revealing the possibility of cutting the sector’s C O2 emissions in the range of 15.2%–21.8%. Further emissions reduction is possible using a wider range of Best Available Technologies including those related to power generation, rolling mills, etc. The strategic approaches to the sector’s modernization are discussed in the context of global scenarios developed by the International Energy Agency, placing particular emphasis on innovative ironmaking technologies. Modernization of iron and steel industry in Ukraine using Best Available Technologies is analyzed in view of short-term goals and a future need for more radical industrial transformations including commercialization of the novel smelting-reduction ironmaking technologies with higher potential of CO2 emissions reduction.
The contributing editor for this article was Sharif Jahanshahi. * Volodymyr Shatokha [email protected] 1
National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, 4 Gagarina Ave., Dnipro 49005, Ukraine
2
Zaporizhzhia National University, 10 Zhukovskoho St., Zaporizhzhia 69600, Ukraine
3
Center for Environmental Audit and Clean Technologies, 24a Chernyshevskoho St., Dnipro 49600, Ukraine
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy
Graphical Abstract
Keywords Sustainable development · Iron and steel industry · Greenhouse gas emissions · Modernization · Best available technologies · Smelting-reduction ironmaking
Introduction Deployment of Best Available Technologies (BATs) is an indispensable part of the steel sector modernization aimed at enhanced energy efficiency and environmental performance. Carbon footprint reduction is an increasingly important driver for modernization. In the iron and steel industry, around 95% of CO2 emissions are associated with the use of fossil fuels; therefore, energy-saving value is usually coupled with CO2 emissions reduction. Since 1960s, improvements in energy efficiency, taken worldwide due to economical and environmental drivers, resulted
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