Prevalence and detecting spatial clustering of diabetes at the district level in India
- PDF / 1,626,085 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 8 Downloads / 188 Views
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Prevalence and detecting spatial clustering of diabetes at the district level in India Koustav Ghosh 1 & Preeti Dhillon 1
&
Gopal Agrawal 2
Received: 18 October 2018 / Accepted: 3 April 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Background Diabetes is increasingly becoming a prevalent disease in developing countries such as India. This has raised great concern among public health practitioners, researchers and policy makers. The present study aims to examine the geographical variations in the prevalence of diabetes and its contextual risk factors including production and consumption of different food groups in the districts of India. Methods We used state- and district-level data from multiple sources. These include National Family Health Survey-4 (2015– 2016), socio-economic data from the census of India (2011), per capita crop production from the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers and consumption of different food groups from the 68th round of the National Sample Survey. The study adopted advanced spatial statistical analysis including the Moran index and spatial regression to fulfil the objectives of the article. Results The study reveals the remarkable geographical variations in diabetes risk in the districts of India. Districts from the coastal area have more diabetes prevalence. Per capita calorie consumption, calorie intake from sugar and production of sugar crops in districts are significantly positively related to diabetes prevalence. On the other hand, protein intake and calorie consumption from pulses and nuts and milk and dairy products reduce the risk of diabetes. Conclusion The study recommends that public health programmes target hot-spot districts with high prevalence of diabetes and encourage people to increase consumption of protein-rich diets including pulses, nuts and milk products to reduce diabetes prevalence. Keywords Diabetes . Spatial . Dietary groups . India . Districts
Introduction In recent years, diabetes mellitus has rapidly emerged as a global health problem and is a major non-communicable disease (NCD) responsible for about two-thirds of the global burden of deaths and disabilities (Vos et al. 2015). Diabetes has an extensive impact on the health and finances of individuals and their families and on national healthcare budgets and economies. Nearly 12% of global health expenditure is spent on diabetes, and 5.0 million deaths occur because of it (World Health Organisation 2016). According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates, the global prevalence of
* Preeti Dhillon [email protected] 1
International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, India
2
Directorate of Census Operations, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
diabetes among the adult population almost doubled between 1980 and 2012 (from 4.7% in 1980 to 8.5% in 2012). However, its spread is greater in low- and middle-income countries compared with high-income countries (World Health Organisation 2016). The projected increase over the period from 1
Data Loading...
