Promising Potato Cultivars for Industrial Processing in Dagestan
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Promising Potato Cultivars for Industrial Processing in Dagestan V. K. Serderova, *, M. K. Karaeva, and D. V. Serderovaa aFederal
Agrarian Scientific Center of the Republic of Dagestan, Makhachkala, 367014 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received March 10, 2020; revised March 15, 2020; accepted April 1, 2020
Abstract—One of the promising areas for the potato business and a potential for increasing its overall profitability is industrial processing. As a result of it, consumers are offered semifinished or ready-to-eat products. The purpose of this work, which was carried out in 2017–2019 at the Kurakhsky mountain test site, was to investigate the productivity and quality indicators of potato cultivars and hybrids in the high mountains of the Republic of Dagestan and to identify cultivars with high dry-matter and starch content as promising for industrial processing. The study was carried out using 22 potato cultivars of domestic and foreign breeding. According to the results of field studies, the following cultivars with high productivity were identified: Zhukovsky Ranny, Impala, Irbitsky, Krepysh, Manifesto, Nevsky, Spiridon, and Udacha, with yields of 33.7–38.0 t/ha. Comparative assessment using the data of the originators of the cultivars and the data of our studies showed that the solids content in tubers increases by 3–6% depending on the cultivar when growing potatoes in the mountainous climatic conditions of the republic. As a result of our study, cultivars with high solids content (more than 25%) were identified: Alena, Vector, Gioconda, Desiree, Matushka, Nart, Primobella, Predgorny, and Rossi. This investigation showed that the mountainous province of the republic is characterized by favorable soil and climatic conditions for the cultivation of potatoes with a wide range of applications, both food-related and processing ones. The most suitable cultivars for industrial processing, taking into account their quality indicators, were identified. Keywords: potato, cultivar, productivity, processing, solids, climatic conditions DOI: 10.3103/S1068367420040151
The development of potato growing is an important component of the state program for the development of agriculture and the regulation of the market for agricultural products, raw materials, and food. Potato is almost the only agricultural crop of mass consumption whose production rates are constantly growing. From year to year, its planting areas in Russia expand and new market participants appear. Producers directly adapt to work with retail chains and develop the sale of potatoes in retail packaging. For the further development of this sector and the growth of its profitability, industrial processing is one of the promising areas of the potato business [1, 2]. The processing of tubers will divide the potato market into many other markets, each of which will develop according to certain rules. However, the processing industry requires special cultivars of potatoes, where one of the main processing indicators is the dry matter (solids) conten
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