Public preference toward an energy transition policy: the case of South Korea
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SHORT RESEARCH AND DISCUSSION ARTICLE
Public preference toward an energy transition policy: the case of South Korea Ju-Hee Kim 1 & Jae-Hyung Park 1 & Seung-Hoon Yoo 1 Received: 24 March 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract South Korea is pursuing an energy transition policy (ETP) of expanding the use of renewable energy and natural gas and decreasing that of nuclear energy and coal in total generation. An investigation of whether the public is for or against the ETP is needed by the government. This article explores the public preference toward the ETP employing the data collected through a survey of 1000 individuals. They were asked to reveal their preference for the ETP on a five-point scale in the survey. Overall, there are more advocates of the ETP than those who opposed it. For the purpose of analyzing the determinants of advocacy and opposition of the ETP, an ordered probit model is employed. The results suggest that people living in the Seoul Metropolitan area think that the environment is more important than new jobs, or know the renewable energy 100% campaign before the survey is more favorable to the ETP than others. However, people who use electricity for heating tend to be negative about the ETP. As the age increases, people approve of the ETP, but when age goes beyond a certain level, they oppose it. Keywords Energy transition policy . Renewable energy . Public opinion . Pros and cons . Ordered probit model
Introduction A number of countries are pushing for an energy transition policy (ETP) that reduces nuclear power and coal-fired power generation and increases renewable energy (RE) and natural gas (NG)fired generation (Takase and Suzuki 2011; Jacobson et al. 2015; Moss et al. 2015; Yazdanpanah et al. 2015a, b; Chapman and Itaoka 2018; International Energy Agency 2018b; International Renewable Energy Agency 2018; McKinsey and Company 2019; Xu et al. 2020). With the emphasis on safety to relieve anxiety caused by the 2011 Fukushima nuclear accident, the operation rate of nuclear power plants dropped or the plant itself
Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues * Seung-Hoon Yoo [email protected] Ju-Hee Kim [email protected] Jae-Hyung Park [email protected] 1
Department of Energy Policy, Graduate School of Energy & Environment, Seoul National University of Science & Technology, 232 Gongreung-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
was shut down. For example, in terms of the share of power generation sources in organization for economic cooperation and development countries, nuclear power declined from 23% in 2000 to 18% in 2017 (International Energy Agency 2018b). According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (2020), as of 2019, a total of 443 nuclear power plants were in operation in 31 countries around the world, and a total of 186 nuclear power plants were permanently shut down worldwide. In addition, lots of efforts have been made to reduce coal-fired power as the issue of particulate matter (PM) and green
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