Qualitative Methods in Psychotherapy Process Research
This chapter describes a variety of qualitative methods that can be used within psychotherapy process research (PPR). After a general introduction of qualitative PPR, this chapter focuses on research design, sampling, data collection, and data analysis. T
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20
Kathrin Mo¨rtl and Omar Carlo Gioacchino Gelo
Contents
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
20.1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
20.2
Qualitative Psychotherapy Process Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quantitative Versus Qualitative . . . . . . . . . . . Qualitative Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Qualitative Research and the Psychotherapeutic Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20.2.1 20.2.2 20.2.3 20.3 20.3.1 20.3.2 20.3.3 20.4
Research Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Naturalistic Versus Experimental . . . . . . . . . Single Case (Intensive) Versus Group (Extensive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cross-Sectional Versus Longitudinal . . . . .
382 382 383 384 385 385 386 386
Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
20.5 20.5.1 20.5.2 20.5.3
Data Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Qualitative Observation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Qualitative Self-Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tape-Assisted Recall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
387 388 389 392
20.6 20.6.1
Data Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interpretation and Methodical Hermeneutics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bottom-Up Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Top-Down Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
393
20.6.2 20.6.3 20.7
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423
Abstract
This chapter describes a variety of qualitative methods that can be used within psychotherapy process research (PPR). After a general introduction of qualitative PPR, this chapter focuses on research design, sampling, data collection, and data analysis. This chapter offers a dimensional conceptualization, especially for data collection and analysis, which provides organization to the different methods employed to collect and analyze data in qualitative PPR. Finally, quality criteria for this type of research are examined and briefly discussed.
393 398 414
Quality Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
K. Mo¨rtl (*) Department of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University, Freudplatz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria e-mail: [email protected] O.C.G. Gelo Department of History, Society and Human Studies, University of Salento, Via Stampacchia 45, 73100 Lecce, Italy Department of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University, Freudplatz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria
20.1
Introduction
Teaching qualitative research methods in psychology-related fields is often a qualitative endeavor in itself. How do we create a space for the curious mind to understand the nature of this research attitude while providing specific tools so students ca
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