Quantum Entropy in Ladder-Plus-Y Double Quantum Dot System using Spontaneously Generated Coherence
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Quantum Entropy in Ladder-Plus-Y Double Quantum Dot System using Spontaneously Generated Coherence Hakeem H. Al-Ameri 1 & M. Abdullah 1 & Amin Habbeb Al-Khursan 1 Received: 27 July 2020 / Revised: 27 September 2020 / Accepted: 19 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Quantum entropy under spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) was modeled and studied in a double quantum dot (DQD) structure. This system becomes after including the wetting layer (WL) as a ladder-plus-Y- system. The results show that the high probe field under high SGC can give good entanglement between states of the DQD system. Under the high SGC component, the optical pump was more efficient than the probe signal in increasing entanglement. The application of optical fields into WL reduces quantum entropy. Keywords Quantum dot . Quantum entropy . Spontaneously entanglement
1 Introduction A large number of optical phenomena can be designed from quantum interference and quantum coherence. For example, electromagnetically induced transparency, inversion-less lasing, non-absorption resonance, optical bistability, quantum information, and quantum computing [1, 2]. While the spontaneous emission was ordinarily known to destroy atomic coherence, it can be used to produce atomic coherence depending on two conditions: the existence of two degenerate or nearly degenerate states with non-orthogonal atomic dipole moments. This can occur in either two cases, the degenerate excited states are decay to a single ground state, or a single ground state decays into a lower degenerate state. This is what is called in the literature as spontaneously generated coherence (SGC). Such interference depends on the angle between two dipole transitions [3–5]. Classically, when the state of the system was not known exactly, the entropy gives a measure of the state uncertainty, this is in thermodynamics. Quantum mechanically,
* Amin Habbeb Al-Khursan [email protected]
1
Nassiriya Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (NNRL), Science College, Thi-Qar University, Nassiriya, Iraq
International Journal of Theoretical Physics
entropy can arise even with complete knowledge about system information [6]. In spite of describing the system by a simple product of its quantum states, entanglement is a quantum correlation that relates to different parts of the system. Entanglement is the main unit in the quantum information processes, like quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation, and quantum communication [7]. Due to the difficulty in copying the quantum states, entanglement is necessary between the quantum memory and the communication channel. The quantum memory was built by atomic systems while the communication channels use the photons so, attaining entanglement between atoms and photons is required. This means that entanglement collects the advantages of atoms (reliable information storage) and photons (information transport over large distances). The atom-photon entanglement makes it possible to interfere between quantum
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