Reactive Processing and Functionalization of Ground Tire Rubber
The dynamic development of the automotive industry resulted in a significant increase in rubber wastes, especially end-of-life tires, which are a serious threat to the natural environment and human health. This situation has enforced the industry and acad
- PDF / 958,986 Bytes
- 21 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 45 Downloads / 157 Views
Reactive Processing and Functionalization of Ground Tire Rubber Łukasz Zedler, Marta Przybysz-Romatowska, Aleksander Hejna, Xavier Colom, Javier Cañavate, Mohammad Reza Saeb, and Krzysztof Formela
Abstract The dynamic development of the automotive industry resulted in a significant increase in rubber wastes, especially end-of-life tires, which are a serious threat to the natural environment and human health. This situation has enforced the industry and academic research groups to search new and cost-effective methods for recycling waste tires. In this field of research, reactive processing and functionalization seem to be a very promising approach to extend recycling and the ‘up-cycling’ of ground tire rubber. This chapter presents recent progress in the modification of waste rubber and valorization strategies with special attention on structure-properties relationships of the products obtained. Keywords Recycling · Rubber wastes · Structure-properties relationships
4.1 Introduction Among the many types of industrial and agricultural wastes constantly generated, waste tires management and recycling represents the most significant challenges (Schnecko 1998; Stevenson et al. 2008). This fact results from the irreversible process of vulcanization, by which crosslinking bonds are formed. This makes rubbers problematic wastes, since they are resistant to biodegradation and many external Ł. Zedler · M. Przybysz-Romatowska · A. Hejna · K. Formela (*) Department of Polymer Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland e-mail: [email protected] X. Colom · J. Cañavate Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech, Terrassa, Spain M. R. Saeb Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Teheran, Iran © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 T. J. Gutiérrez (ed.), Reactive and Functional Polymers Volume One, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43403-8_4
43
44
Ł. Zedler et al.
Fig. 4.1 Number of articles considering the term ‘rubber recycling’ during the years 2005–2018. Data according to Web of Science Core Collection database
factors. In addition, the complex physical and chemical structure of waste rubber related to its unknown composition and the partial degradation that occurs during the use of rubber products could also affect the limited application of the waste generated. Environmental and economic aspects have forced scientists and industry to make efforts focused on finding practical and cost-effective methods for efficient recycling of waste tires. Figures 4.1 and 4.2 show the number of articles published and the count of citations of articles considering ‘rubber recycling’ in the period 2005–2018. The linear growth of a number of published articles (32 in 2005 and 236 in 2018) and the logarithmic growth of the number of citations (2 in 2005 and 4338 in 2018) during the thirteen years can be observed. Figure 4.3 also shows the overall growth in end-of-life tires (EU27, Norway and Switzerla
Data Loading...
