Referees' physical performance over a soccer season
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Referees’ physical performance over a soccer season Antonella Muscella1 · Erika Stefàno1 · Antonio Di Maglie2 · Santo Marsigliante1 Received: 20 December 2019 / Accepted: 14 May 2020 © Springer-Verlag Italia S.r.l., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Background An important role of soccer referees is to apply the rules of the game by observing the match closely. Thus, referees have to undertake training to keep up with play and attain an optimal position when making critical decisions. We analyzed the variation of the soccer referee physical performance during official championship. Methods The referees were classified into three groups according to ages (16–20 years; 21–29 years; 30–45 years) and physical fitness variations were studied at the start (T0), at the middle (T1) and at the end of the competitive season (T2). In each period, Yo–Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIRT1) and 40 m sprint test were performed and VO2max assessed. Finally, the referees’s rating (i.e. the mean of numerically quantification of the performances received during the season) was also evaluated. Results The mean distance covered by the referees during the YYIRT1 test increased significantly from T0 to T1 and T2, and from T1 to T2, in all age groups, with a higher effect observed for group 16–20 years in all testing periods. This group significantly improved YYIR1 performance and VO2max at T1and T2. Referee ages correlated with differences (Δ) in running speed test (40 m sprint test), of YYIRT1 and VO2max. Finally, the referees’ rating, based upon training, experience, performance and fitness assigned by qualified officials, ranged from 8.20 to 8.65. A positive correlation was found between the excellent rating and younger age (p = 0.015 by Chi-square test χ = 8.6). Conclusions The young referees performed better physical performances than adult referees and obtained better assessments by qualified officials. Keywords Physical fitness · Soccer referees · YYIR1 · Running speed test · VO2max
Introduction Soccer is known as the most popular sport in the world [1]. Attention is focused mostly to players and coaches, but referees play no less important role. The role of soccer referees * Antonella Muscella [email protected] Erika Stefàno [email protected] Antonio Di Maglie [email protected] Santo Marsigliante [email protected] 1
Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Via Provinciale per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Department of History, Society and Human Studies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
2
and assistants is to apply the rules of the game observing the match closely. For this reason, it is important that they pay attention to the slightest movement of the players to avoid the violation of the rules and to prevent injury. To do it, referees and assistant referees have to do training as well as soccer players to keep up with play at all times to attain optimal posit
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