Removal of nitrate nitrogen from water by phosphotungstate-supported TiO 2 photocatalytic method
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Removal of nitrate nitrogen from water by phosphotungstate-supported TiO2 photocatalytic method Xiaohong Ge 1,2 & Weizhang Fu 1
&
Yujun Wang 1 & Lingsheng Wang 1 & Fanfeng Yao 1
Received: 31 March 2020 / Accepted: 29 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Nitrate nitrogen in water, especially in groundwater, is a major problem in the current drinking water environment. In this study, copper- and nickel-modified phosphotungstate catalysts supported on TiO2 were prepared by the sol-gel solvothermal method, and photocatalytic reduction by phosphotungstate was used to remove nitrate nitrogen in water under ultraviolet irradiation. The maximum removal rate was 59.60% with 0.8 g/L Cu-H3PW12O40/TiO2, 90 mg/L nitrate nitrogen, and 60 min reaction time. For Ni-H3PW12O40/TiO2, the maximum removal rate of nitrate nitrogen was 54.58%, achieved with a catalyst concentration of 0.8 g/ L, nitrate nitrogen concentration of 120 mg/L, and reaction time of 30 min. Both catalysts could remove nitrate nitrogen from water under the condition of photocatalysis. Keywords Polyoxometalate . Reduction reaction . Transition metal . Nitrogen conversion rate
Introduction Nitrogen in water is an important pollution factor in surface water and groundwater (Luo et al. 2017). Excessive nitrogen in surface water may cause algae growth, aquifer eutrophication, and potential harm to human health (Satayeva et al. 2018); groundwater is the main source of drinking water in some areas (Wijnen et al. 2012). Increasingly, nitrate nitrogen pollution in groundwater, which is associated with human industrial and agricultural activities, has gradually become a key factor affecting the safety of drinking water (Elisante and Muzuka 2017). Nitrate nitrogen will turn into nitrite nitrogen when it enters the human body, depriving cells of oxygen and causing symptoms such as methemoglobinemia and organ
Responsible Editor: Sami Rtimi * Weizhang Fu [email protected] * Yujun Wang [email protected] 1
College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, People’s Republic of China
2
College of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Linyi Vocational University of Science and Technology, Linyi 276000, People’s Republic of China
dysfunction (Dong et al. 2014; Du et al. 2012). The common treatment methods of nitrate nitrogen are ion exchange, reverse osmosis, catalytic reduction, etc. (Gao et al. 2016). The method selected in this experiment is economic and environmental protection, and will not produce two times pollution. At present, polyoxometalate titanium dioxide composite is not used as a catalyst to remove nitrate nitrogen from water by photocatalysis. This study wants to study the feasibility of applying this method. Polyoxometalates (POMs) are metal-oxygen species derived from transition metal ions and oxygen. POMs have a strong catalytic effect and have broad application prospects (Mohseni-Bandpi et al. 2013). POMs have also been used as photocatalysts in recent y
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