Coprecipitation Synthesis of Fe-Doped TiO 2 from Various Commercial TiO 2 for Photocatalytic Reaction
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RESEARCH PAPER
Coprecipitation Synthesis of Fe‑Doped TiO2 from Various Commercial TiO2 for Photocatalytic Reaction Imane Ellouzi1 · Souad El hajjaji1 · Mourad Harir2,3 · Philippe Schmitt‑Kopplin2,3 · Larbi Laânab4 Received: 14 May 2020 / Revised: 28 August 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 © University of Tehran 2020
Abstract The current work reports the synthesis of Fe-doped T iO2 nanoparticles by simple coprecipitation method and compares their photocatalytic efficiency to three different commercially available T iO2 (i.e., Sachtopore, Hombikat UV100 and Fluka) using methyl orange (MO) under UV light irradiation. X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize these synthesized Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. In fact, the DRS results revealed that the bandgap of doped photocatalysts is smaller compared to undoped TiO2, leading to a slight shift in the absorption band towards the beginning of the visible light. In addition, XRD has shown that all samples were well crystallized and have only anatase phase. Accordingly, the photocatalytic investigation revealed that doped T iO2 exhibited improved photocatalytic efficiency of methyl orange (MO) compared to undoped TiO2 photocatalysts and depends on iron constituents, TiO2 types as well as the doses of synthesized nanomaterials. Article Highlights • A simple coprecipitation method for the synthesis of Fe-doped TiO2 photocatalysts and comparison of their pho-
tocatalytic efficiency to undoped TiO2.
• All Fe-doped TiO2 showed smaller bandgap compared to undoped TiO2 with only anatase phase. • Fe-doped TiO2 improves the photocatalytic degradation of dyes compared to undoped TiO2. • Photocatalytic efficiency of these doped TiO2 depends on their doses, the constituents of iron and TiO2 types.
Keywords Photocatalytic activity · Coprecipitation · Metal oxide · Water treatment · Azo dye
Introduction * Imane Ellouzi [email protected] * Souad El hajjaji [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, CERNE2D, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Av. Ibn Batouta, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
2
Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Department of Environmental Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
3
Technical University of Munich, Maximus von Imhof Forum 2, 85354 Freising‑Weihenstephan, Germany
4
Laboratory of Conception and Systems, Faculty of Sciences, Av. Ibn Batouta, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
Air and water pollution are major problems facing modern societies. About half of the global production of synthetic textile dyes (700,000 tons per year) belong to azo products, which have chromophore (–N=N–) in their molecular structures (Yan-Xia et al. 2015). Various traditional physical and chemical techniques have been studied elsewhere (Yan-Xia et al. 2015; Auta et al. 2013; Taghizadeh et al. 2013; Ferroudj et a
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