Response of two lateritic soils to cement kiln dust-periwinkle shell ash blends as road sub-base materials
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International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology Journal homepage: www.springer.com/42947
Response of two lateritic soils to cement kiln dust-periwinkle shell ash blends as road sub-base materials David Ufot Ekpoa,b, Adeyemi Babayemi Fajobia, Adekemi Loretta Ayodelea* b Department
a Department of Civil Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Akwa Ibom State University, Ikot Akpaden, Mkpat Enin, Nigeria
Received 1 July 2020; received in revised form 20 October 2020; accepted 29 October 2020
Abstract
The stabilization potential of cement kiln dust (CKD) and periwinkle shell ash (PSA) was investigated using laboratory analys is. This was aimed at evaluating the effect of CKD and PSA on the stabilization of two lateritic soils for use as pavement layer ma terials. Two soils (Soil A and B) were treated with various percentages (by weight of dry soil) of CKD at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% and PSA at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% and compacte d using British Standard light (BSL) energy. Their effects were evaluated on the compaction characteristics: maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (MDD), unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests based on American Standard Testing Materials ( ASTM) codes. Microstructural analysis using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to identify the morphological changes in the properties of the stabilized soils. Significant improvement with the addition of CKD and PSA was observed with increased MDD, UCS, and CBR for both soils. Peak MDD of 1.745 mg/m3 and 1.810 mg/m3 was recorded for both soil samples considered. The results of the peak unconfined compressive strength (UCS) for all the curing ages considered and California bearing ratio (CBR) were obtained at 10% CKD/8% PSA. Peak UCS of 994.17 and 1019.46 kN/m 2 was obtained for soil A and B respectively. Microstructural analysis of the stabilized soils resulted in strength improvement through the formation o f new compounds. Based on this study, PSA and CKD can be used to improve deficient lateritic soils for road construction. Keywords: Lateritic soil; Soil stabilisation; Periwinkle shell ash; Cement kiln dust; Strength characteristics; Scanning electron microscopy
1. Introduction The need for a good road network cannot be overemphasized. Increasing urbanization has also increased continual demand road construction materials. Locally available material (soil) is usually used for the sub-base layer of the road. In the tropics where there is elevated temperature and intense rainfall, laterite and lateritic soil are the most available soil and are thus frequently used [1]. Laterites and lateritic soil can be granular in structures and possess low plasticity and excellent drain ability. There are sometimes, however, that the laterite available on or close to a construction site possess poor engineering properties such as high swell potential, high moisture susceptibility, low bearing capacity and high shrinkage
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