Review and Analysis of Key Techniques in Marine Sediment Sampling
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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering Open Access
REVIEW
Review and Analysis of Key Techniques in Marine Sediment Sampling Shudong He, Youduo Peng* , Yongping Jin, Buyan Wan and Guangping Liu
Abstract Deep-sea sediment is extremely important in marine scientific research, such as that concerning marine geology and microbial communities. The research findings are closely related to the in-situ information of the sediment. One prerequisite for investigations of deep-sea sediment is providing sampling techniques capable of preventing distortion during recovery. As the fruit of such sampling techniques, samplers designed for obtaining sediment have become indispensable equipment, owing to their low cost, light weight, compactness, easy operation, and high adaptability to sea conditions. This paper introduces the research and application of typical deep-sea sediment samplers. Then, a representative sampler recently developed in China is analyzed. On this basis, a review and analysis is conducted regarding the key techniques of various deep-sea sediment samplers, including sealing, pressure and temperature retaining, low-disturbance sampling, and no-pressure drop transfer. Then, the shortcomings in the key techniques for deep-sea sediment sampling are identified. Finally, prospects for the future development of key techniques for deep-sea sediment sampling are proposed, from the perspectives of structural diversification, functional integration, intelligent operation, and high-fidelity samples. This paper summarizes the existing samplers in the context of the key techniques mentioned above, and can provide reference for the optimized design of samplers and development of key sampling techniques. Keywords: Sampler, Sealing technique, Pressure & temperature-retaining technique, Low-disturbance sampling technique, No-pressure drop transfer technique 1 Introduction Deep-sea sediment is of great importance for understanding changes in the Earth’s environment, predicting future environmental and climate changes, exploiting and utilizing new energy sources on the seabed, and studying the extreme microbial diversity of oceans and biological genetic resources [1]. However, due to the existence of water layers, the knowledge and utilization of marine resources are greatly restricted [2]. To overcome this restriction, deep-sea sediment samplers have emerged. Since the first sampling of deep-sea sediment by humans in 1872, deep-sea sediment samplers have become indispensable technical equipment for seabed resource *Correspondence: [email protected] National‑Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Resources Exploration Equipment and Safety Technology, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
exploration, marine geological surveys, and marine scientific investigations [3–5], and have been valued and applied by the world’s maritime powers. Many scientific research findings have been applied to actual marine survey projects, and considerable economic and social benefits have been achieved, highli
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