Role of cognitive resources on everyday functioning among oldest-old physically frail
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Role of cognitive resources on everyday functioning among oldest‑old physically frail Lucile Dupuy1 · Bernard N’Kaoua2 · Patrick Dehail2 · Hélène Sauzéon2,3 Received: 2 September 2019 / Accepted: 11 October 2019 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Abstract Background Everyday functioning becomes a challenge with aging, particularly among frail oldest-old adults. Several factors have been identified as influencing everyday activities realization, including physical and cognitive functioning. However, the influence of cognitive resources as a compensatory factor in the context of physical frailty deserves further consideration. Aims This study aims to investigate in older adults physically frail the possible compensatory role of cognitive resources to perform everyday tasks. Methods Two groups of community-dwelling old participants (n = 26 per group) matched for their age and cognitive resources, have been drawn according to their level of physical functioning. Two measures of everyday functioning have been assessed: one self-reported by the participant (the IADL scale) and one performance-based measure (the TIADL tasks). Results Participants performed equally the TIADL tasks irrespective of their physical condition. Contrariwise, participants with low physical functioning reported more everyday difficulties than their counterparts with a high level of physical functioning. Additionally, regressions analyses revealed differential influence of cognitive resources on performance and reported measures of everyday functioning. Discussion Our data suggests that cognitive resources are more strongly involved in the performance-based IADL measure in situation of physical frailty. Additionally, for participants with low physical functioning, lower cognitive resources are associated with more perceived difficulties in everyday life. Conclusion These results highlight the compensatory role of cognitive resources in physically frail older adults, and suggest that an overestimation of everyday difficulties compared to performance on IADL tasks is an early indicator of physical decline and cognitive compensation. Keywords Aging · Physical functioning · Cognitive resources · Daily life activities · Compensation
Background Aging is a multifactorial process, which is influenced by a large number of physical, psychological and social variables. While many persons experience healthy aging without significant impairments, sensory, motor and cognitive decline * Lucile Dupuy lucile.dupuy@u‑bordeaux.fr 1
University of Bordeaux, USR 3413 SANPSY, Site Carreire, Zone Nord, Bat 3B, 3rd floor, Place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
2
University of Bordeaux, EA 4136, Handicap, Activity, Cognition, Health, 33000 Bordeaux, France
3
Flowers Research Group, Centre Inria Bordeaux Sud-Ouest, 33400 Talence, France
can occur with age. In any case, the capacity to perform activities of daily living can be affected. In this study, we focus on the compensatory role of cognitive resources on indep
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