Role of periostin in ECRS
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Role of periostin in ECRS Lei Yu1 · Jisheng Wang1 · Kai Liu1 Received: 19 August 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Periostin, an extracelluar matrix protein belonging to the fasciclin family, has been reported to play a key role in the process of Th2-inflammation disease. As eoshinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis has a higher incident rate, studies show that periostin has participated in the process of inflammation and remodeling. This review mainly to summarize researches of periostin in ECRS and to investigate the clinical significance and expression of periostin. Keywords Periostin · Eosinophilic · Chronic rhinosinusitis
Introduction CRS is a heterogeneous disease, with different inflammatory endotypes, each of which appears various pathophysiologic mechanisms. Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) is a subgroup of chronic rhinosinusitis, characterized by eosinophilic infiltration and tissue remodeling, driven by Th2 responses, which is always accompanied with high levels of Th2 related cytokines. Notably, the incidence rate of ECRS has gradually became higher than the past, either in western countries or east Asia. For clinical treatments, it is urge to provide effective and personalized for ECRS patients, especially with severe inflammation, in face of quite large proportions of those with poor outcomes.
Biology of periostin Periostin is a 90-kDa member, belonging to the fasciclincontaining family, and in human beings, periostin genes have been found to locate in 13q13.3 and the length of cDNA is 3187 bp [1–3]. Takeshita S first found periostin in 1993 from a mouse osteoblast cell line and as a secreted factor, it was originally termed osteoblast-specific factor 2 [4]. * Lei Yu [email protected] Jisheng Wang [email protected] Kai Liu [email protected] 1
Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, China
As advanced studies with periostin, it has been known to play a great role not only in wound repair, heart morphogenesis, metastases, and cancers [5–7], but also in eosinophil-associated with inflammatory disease including upper airways and lower airways, such as bronchial asthma and ECRS [8, 9]. Additionally, periostin has been thought to be a extracelluar matrix protein secreted by connective tissue cells and fibroblasts, and located in mucosa of upper airway disease, lower respiratory and myocardium [10]. It has been proved that periostin can take part in collagen formation, fibrosis, epithelial mesenchymal transition, tumor development, Th2-driven inflammation and a variety of injury-repair mechanisms. Besides many previous studies, periostin has made contribution to the development and maintaince of inflammatory diseases, such as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory diseases, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis [3, 11] via different pathways. For example, the role of periostin in bronchial asthma had been proven to play an important role as
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