Sea buckthorn ( Hippophae rhamnoides L.) oil enhances proliferation, adipocytes differentiation and insulin sensitivity
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Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) oil enhances proliferation, adipocytes differentiation and insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 cells Ting Zhang1 • Xuze Qin1 • Yuxin Cao1 • Jianxin Zhang1 • Junxing Zhao1
Received: 29 December 2019 / Revised: 15 August 2020 / Accepted: 24 August 2020 The Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 2020
Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of sea buckthorn oil (SBO) on proliferation, adipogenic differentiation and insulin sensitivity of 3T3-L1 cells. Results showed that SBO increased cell proliferation ability, accompanied by up-regulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen content (p \ 0.05) and p38 activity (p \ 0.05). SBO also promoted adipogenesis and enhanced adipogenic transcriptional factors expression. Mitochondrial biogenesis related gene expressions were elevated in SBO treated cells (p \ 0.05). Of note, SBO also increased glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 abundance (p \ 0.05). Cells treated with SBO exhibited greater phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (p \ 0.05), phosphorylated-Akt (p \ 0.05) and phosphorylated AMPactivated protein kinase (p \ 0.01) contents. When taken together, these results suggest that SBO promotes 3T3-L1 cells proliferation, adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity.
& Junxing Zhao [email protected] Ting Zhang [email protected] Xuze Qin [email protected] Yuxin Cao [email protected] Jianxin Zhang [email protected] 1
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
Keywords Sea buckthorn oil Proliferation Adipogenesis Insulin sensitivity AMP-activated protein kinase
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by lower insulin utilization ability in metabolic organs and tissues, causing elevated circulating blood glucose concentration and resulting side effects, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, arteriosclerosis, obesity and even cancer (Lewis et al., 2002). Insulin resistance is the main contributor to T2DM pathogenesis; high insulin sensitivity allows cells to utilize blood glucose more effectively, while lower insulin sensitivity may cause failure of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond to insulin, and eventually lead to T2DM (Zeyda and Stulnig, 2009). Adipose tissue is a highly active metabolic and endocrine organ, playing an important role in regulating whole body glucose homeostasis. Adipocyte effectively sequestrates fatty acids in the form of triglycerides, irregular functioning results in higher level of circulating fatty acids, further inducing insulin resistance (Delarue and Magnan, 2007). As a result, attempts to identify therapeutic agents which may enhance insulin sensitivity has received considerable attention. Plants possess the potential of increasing insulin sensitivity, which may provide an alternative strategy for developing future effective, safe antidiabetic drugs (Eddouks et al., 2014). Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a spiny deciduous shrub, which for centuries h
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