Seaweeds and their Role in Globally Changing Environments

Global warming is accelerating faster than the ability for natural repair, and environmental stresses are damaging ecosystems, all affecting physical and biological systems on Earth. A new Nasa-led study shows that human activity has caused climate change

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Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology Volume 15

Series Editor: Joseph Seckbach The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel

For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/5775

Seaweeds and Their Role in Globally Changing Environments

Edited by

Alvaro Israel Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Ltd. The National Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 8030, Tel Shikmona 31080. Haifa, Israel

Rachel Einav

Blue Ecosystems, 26 Hagat St., Zichron Yaakov, Israel and

Joseph Seckbach The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel

Editors Alvaro Israel Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, Ltd. The National Institute of Oceanography P.O. Box 8030, Tel Shikmona 31080. Haifa Israel [email protected]

Rachel Einav Blue Ecosystems 26 Hagat Street Zichron Yaakov Israel [email protected]

Joseph Seckbach The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Israel [email protected]

ISBN 978-90-481-8568-9 e-ISBN 978-90-481-8569-6 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-8569-6 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010925024 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

table of Contents

Preface/Alvaro Israel and Rachel Einav..............................................

ix

Acknowledgements...........................................................................

xiii

Introduction/Joseph Seckbach..........................................................

xv

List of Authors and Their Addresses................................................

xxi

Part 1:

Changes In The Marine Environment Sea-Level Changes in the Mediterranean: Past, Present, and Future – A Review [Lichter, M. et al.]................................. Global Climate Change and Marine Conservation [Olsvig-Whittaker, L.].................................................................

3 19

Part 2:

Biodiversity in Marine Ecosystems in the Globally Changing Era Is Global Warming Involved in the Success of Seaweed Introductions in the Mediterranean Sea? [Boudouresque, C.F. and Verlaque, M.]........................................ Climate Change Effects on Marine Ecological Communities [Rilov, G. and Treves, H.]............................................................ Fucoid Flora of the Rocky Intertidal of the Canadian Maritimes: Implications for the Future with Rapid Climate Change [Ugarte, R.A. et al.]....................................................................

31 51 69

Part 3:

Ecophysiological Responses of Seaweeds GIS-Based Environmental Analysis, Rem