Selection of Refractories for the Funnel of Metering Nozzles Intended for the Continuous Casting of Steel
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Vol. 61, No. 1, May, 2020
PRODUCTION AND EQUIPMENT SELECTION OF REFRACTORIES FOR THE FUNNEL OF METERING NOZZLES INTENDED FOR THE CONTINUOUS CASTING OF STEEL A. S. Timofeeva,1,3 M. S. Bazarova,2 and N. A. Morozova2 Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 1, pp. 14 – 16, January, 2020.
Original article submitted October 2, 2019. We present a literature survey on the operation of tundishes and the possibility of continuous casting of steels in the “open start” mode. On the basis of the results of experimental studies, we select a composition of refractory castable for the starting funnel of the metering nozzle. Keywords: refractory castable, funnel of the metering nozzle, lining, tundish.
– guarantee the required level of protection of the case of tundish against fracture caused by the contact with liquid metal; – minimize the losses of heat by liquid steel; – facilitate the organization of rational flows of moving metals in the tundish;
In contemporary technological systems, tundishes of continuous casting machines (CCM) are regarded as crucial elements affecting the quality of continuously cast billets [1]. Initially, this element performed mainly the functions of reception and distribution of the metal between the strands. However, during the last decades, in view of the elevation of requirements imposed on the quality of steel, its significance strongly increases. The contemporary tundishes have various functions (Fig. 1). The lining of tundishes operates under extremely severe conditions because its working layer is in permanent contact with liquid steel for a long time (10 – 25 h and more). After termination of the process of casting, the lining of the tundish is cooled together with the remaining metal, which is later removed. In this case, the repeatedly used part of lining is subjected to additional loads caused by the cyclic variations of temperature and mechanical actions (after removal of the remaining metal). Hence, it is necessary to create lining of the tundish by using carefully selected refractories with regard for the specific features of its operation. The lining must meet the requirements guaranteeing its stable uninterrupted operation. The refractories used in the tundishes realize the following functions: 1 2 3
Ugarov Staryi Oskol Technological Institute, Staryi Oskol, Russia. “NK” Firm, Staryi Oskol, Russia. [email protected]
Fig. 1. Tundish of the CCM: 1) case of the tundish; 2) metering nozzle; 3) metal receiver; 4) gunned layer; 5) working layer.
11 1083-4877/20/06101-011 © 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
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A. S. Timofeeva, M. S. Bazarova, and N. A. Morozova
cess of casting without additional actions aimed at opening the channel of metering nozzle. This is explained by the separation of funnels of the tundishes observed as soon as the required level of the metal in the tundish is attained. Funnels are most often mounted over the metering nozzles at different heights, which promotes the consecutive startup of the strands of CCM. For the coordinated operation of the tundish and
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