Selective extraction of fullerene C 60 by in situ interweaved AgNO 3 complex encapsulated C 60 molecular cages
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Selective extraction of fullerene C60 by in situ interweaved AgNO3 complex encapsulated C60 molecular cages Ying Hou1 and Bei Nie1,* 1
Department of Chemistry and Material Science, South-Central University of Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
Received: 5 June 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 26 August 2020
With an in situ synthesized AgNO3 complex molecular cage, icosahedral C60 can be selectively extracted from fullerene mixture by a facial liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation, resulting in exclusive C60 organometallic microcrystal (C60/ C70 = 6/1). By exploiting its intrinsic insolubility against nonpolar solvent, the C60 can be separated from the homologues, C70, which contrarily is assembled through merely hydrophobic interaction and p-p stacking. The AgNO3 complex encaged C60 crystal was morphologically and structurally characterized by SEM, Raman and XRD spectra to revealing the underlying separation mechanism. The selective extraction efficiency (89.7%) was semiquantitatively characterized by combined optical spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, indicating a decent specificity of spontaneously formed molecular cage toward C60 extraction. Thus, this discovery of a template-specific molecular cavity would pave the way to advance molecular imprinting technology using supramolecular array for fullerene separation, prevailing over the conventional ‘‘design-synthesis-performance’’ strategy by substantially reducing the laborious work and economic cost.
Published online: 14 September 2020
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Handling Editor: Annela M. Seddon.
Address correspondence to E-mail: [email protected]
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05275-1
381
J Mater Sci (2021) 56:380–391
GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
Abbreviations JCPDS Joint committee on powder diffraction standards XRD X-ray diffraction spectroscopy SEM Scanning electron microscope MALDI Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization EDX Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy IPA Isopropanol
Introduction In the advent of supramolecular chemistry, research interest has been shifted from covalent bonds to unraveling rather feeble intermolecular interactions, which in fact play the dominated roles in biological chemistry [1], crystallography [2] and material science [3], owing to its intrinsic ability in manipulation of 3-dimensional molecular structure and formation of multicomponent complexes [4, 5] that certainly could perform integrative functions and fulfill multifarious objectives [6]. A family of fullerene, ever since its discovery four decades ago, has been a
central spot for supramolecular assembling, on account of its perfect symmetric spherical architecture and massive sp2–p electrons [7, 8]. The former provides the basic building blocks for constructing molecular architecture [9]. Apparently, the latter renders an adequate binding force for molecular assembly. Ostensibly, it is still an arduous and challenging task to fabricate fullerene-based supramolecular ensembles, because to decorate a mol
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