Self-Care for Health in Rural Hispanic Women at Risk for Postpartum Depression
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Self-Care for Health in Rural Hispanic Women at Risk for Postpartum Depression Younglee Kim1
•
Vivien Dee2
Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016
Abstract Objective To determine factors that affect self-care of rural Hispanic women at risk for postpartum depression (PPD). Methods This study was a descriptive cross-sectional design based on the key concepts of Orem’s Self-care Deficit Nursing theory. Data were collected from 223 Hispanic postpartum women residing in Mecca, North Shore, and Thermal in California by an interviewer-administered survey. Four instruments were utilized: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for PPD, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support for social support, Duke University Religion Index (DUREL) for spirituality, and Self Rated Abilities for Health Practices for self-care. Results The prevalence of women at risk for PPD was about 43 %. Social support, spirituality, and self-care ability were significantly correlated in women with PPD. Social support was a strong factor in predicting self-care ability for ‘Nutrition’, ‘Psychological well-being’, ‘Exercise’, and ‘Responsible Health Practices’ in the rural Hispanic women at risk for PPD. Conclusions The study findings can enable nurses and healthcare professionals to develop effective tailored interventions to assist rural Hispanic women’s abilities to
& Younglee Kim [email protected] Vivien Dee [email protected] 1
California State University San Bernardino, 5500 University Pkwy, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA
2
Nursing Program, Azusa Pacific University, 901 E Alosta Ave, Azusa, CA 91702, USA
perform self-care for health, and in particular, during the postpartum period. Keywords Postpartum depression (PPD) Hispanic women Self-care Rural health
Significance Statement This is the first study using Orem’s Self Care Deficit Nursing Theory as a framework for this research. This study highlighted the prevalence of rural Hispanic women who were at risk for postpartum depression and their ability to provide self-care. Social support and spirituality were factors found to influence their self-care ability for health practices.
Introduction Growth of Hispanics in Rural areas The Hispanic population has increased about 58 % between 1990 and 2000, and about 42 % between 2000 and 2010 and is the largest and fastest growing minority in the United States (Fraga et al. 2012). The United States Census Bureau 2010 reported that about 16.3 % of the total U.S. residents were self-identified as Hispanic or Latino. The definition of Hispanic or Latino used in the 2010 census refers to a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central Americans or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race. Hispanic or Latino was used interchangeably. Johnson (2012) reported that Hispanics contributed about 54 % of the rural population gain from 2000 to 2010.
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Matern Child Health J
The population growth of the Hispanic group is projected to increase to about 30 % of the total U.S. residents by 2050 with 65.7 % of Mexi
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