Separating Effect of a Novel Combined Magnetic Field on Inclusions in Molten Aluminum Alloy
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ALUMINUM alloys provide new opportunities for aerospace and automotive industries in producing lightweight structured components with good mechanical properties. However, the presence of inclusions in aluminum alloys has an adverse effect on the machinability and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys.[1,2] Conventional purification methods, including sedimentation, filtration, and flux refine, fail to meet the cleanliness levels needed in many applications because of their limitations on the low separating effectiveness and efficiency.[3] Magnetic field, as a contactless processing technology, has been extensively applied in materials science and engineering, such as the refinement of microstructure of alloys[4–6] and columnar-to-equiaxed transition.[7,8] In recent years, many studies have pointed out that a magnetic field can be considered as a promising method for production of the metals free from inclusions because the magnetic field can eliminate even micrometer-sized inclusions with high efficiency. Various types of magnetic fields have been proposed and applied to the removal of inclusions from molten alloy. Park et al.[9] reported that nonconducting particles can be separated from a conducting solution by Archimedes electromagnetic force YANJIE HE, Master’s Student, is with the Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China, and with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China. QIULIN LI, Associate Professor, is with the Advanced Materials Institute, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University. WEI LIU, Professor, is with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Tsinghua University. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted December 2, 2011. Article published online May 10, 2012. METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
induced by simultaneous application of a direct current (DC) magnetic field and DC current. Tanaka et al.[10] proposed the use of traveling magnetic field (TMF) for separating inclusions from molten metal and showed that nonmetallic inclusions moved toward the tube wall opposite to the direction of the electromagnetic force induced by TMF. Miki et al.[11] conducted an experiment in which a rotating magnetic field (RMF) was applied to steel purification and indicated that the MnO-SiO2 binary oxide inclusions formed during the deoxidization process could be eliminated by RMF. A high-frequency alternating magnetic field was also studied by Shu et al.[12] and Takahashi and Shoji.[13] It was found that alumina particles can also be eliminated by force in the opposite direction to the electromagnetic force generated by alternating magnetic field. Our previous work[14] studied the separating effect of one type of combined magnetic field (simultaneous imposition of a RMF and a upward TMF) and indicated that this type of combined magnetic field (CMF) can eliminate inclusions with a density larger than surrounding melt from aluminum
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