Signal Timing Optimization Algorithm for an Intersection Connected with an Urban Expressway
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CIVIL ENGINEERING
Signal Timing Optimization Algorithm for an Intersection Connected with an Urban Expressway Shiwei Liu1 · Ying Li2 · Yinghan Qiu1 · Baokun Zhang3 · Shurong Qiu1 · Xingtong Liu4 Received: 16 March 2020 / Accepted: 25 July 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract The off-ramps of urban expressways can assume various forms. Compared with other countries, many off-ramps in China have special Chinese characteristics; for example, the off-ramps are extremely short and connected to urban roads and intersections within a short distance. Thus, many foreign control methods may not be suitable for use in China. This paper provides a dual-phase signal timing optimization model for an intersection connected to the off-ramp of an urban expressway that has special Chinese characteristics. This model is solved by an improved genetic algorithm. To better evaluate traffic conditions, this paper also establishes methods by which stranded vehicles can be identified and the traffic flow at intersections can be predicted. The performance of the optimized signal timing is tested with PTV Vissim software, and the timing plan is calculated by MATLAB using an actual scenario in Xi’an, China. The optimized effect of the proposed model is tested under different flow conditions by changing the input traffic flow of the intersection. The results show that at the peak time, the stops, delays and queue lengths of the whole intersection are reduced by 29.0%, 27.8% and 23.7%, respectively, compared with the original plan and by 7.7%, 14.5% and 11.9%, respectively, compared with the plan from the single-phase model. This dual-phase model can prevent congestion from spillback onto urban expressways as well as reduce delays and stop times at intersections, especially in a supersaturated state. In general, this model can be used to address signal timing in ordinary urban intersections. Keywords Adjacent intersection · Genetic algorithm · Off-ramp · Signal timing optimization · Supersaturated state
1 Introduction * Shiwei Liu [email protected] Ying Li [email protected] Yinghan Qiu [email protected] Baokun Zhang [email protected] Shurong Qiu [email protected] Xingtong Liu [email protected] 1
Department of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an, China
2
School of Information Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an, China
3
Department of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an, China
4
School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Chang’an University, Xi’an, China
In recent years, urban expressways have become more congested due to the rapid growth of vehicular traffic. A recurring problem is traffic jams occurring at off-ramps, which can cause vehicle spillbacks onto urban expressways that block traffic. This congestion problem not only greatly slows the travel speed on urban expressways but also wastes energy and worsens automobile exhaust emissions. Many scholars have conducted related research to address these concerns [1–4]. Li et al. developed
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