Social Factors as Antecedents of Depression among Community-Dwelling Older Persons
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Social Factors as Antecedents of Depression among Community-Dwelling Older Persons Endrex P. Nemenzo 1 & Daisy R. Palompon 2
& Jillian
A. Bejoc 2
Accepted: 13 November 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Recognizing depression among older persons is often challenging as they tend to attribute their problems to physical rather than emotional origins. The association between socio-economic factors and depression among 384 older persons was determined through descriptive-correlational design. Path analysis revealed that depression is influenced directly by one’s age (r = .108), education status (r = .514), marital status (r = .011), occupation (r = .003), social status (r = −.116), physical stature (r = .099) and economic status (r = .011). Additionally, the type of community where the older persons dwell and gender have a direct influence on occupation (r = .003) and indirectly affecting depression (r = .103). On the other hand, family component has a direct influence on social status (r = .069) but indirectly influences the occurrence of depression (r = .127). Explicitly, these variables render a predictive path on the occurrence or non-occurrence of depression among the respondents. The study suggests that the diagnosis of depression and its prompt interventions can be traced to the socio-economic dimensions of older persons. Implications to research suggest that determining the antecedents to depression of older persons, this provides a projective analysis which can lead to the development of new knowledge in nursing. This will further influence the holistic management in dealing with an older person’s depression. Keywords Social determinants . Depression . Older persons . Path analysis . Gerontology Funded by the Commission on Higher Education, Manila, Philippines and Cebu Normal University, Cebu City, Philippines through the Institutional Development and Innovation Grant (IDIG)
* Daisy R. Palompon [email protected] Endrex P. Nemenzo [email protected] Jillian A. Bejoc [email protected]
1
Center for Research and Development, Cebu Normal University, Cebu City, Philippines
2
College of Nursing, Cebu Normal University, Cebu City, Philippines
Ageing Int
Introduction The increasing population of older persons has acquired its focus on addressing the welfare of the older population. It has been observed that the aged population have demonstrated specific health and non-health related concerns which require appropriate attention. One of these concerns is the development of depression. Depression occurs in community-dwelling older persons, which has been recognized and estimated poorly as they are sometimes attributed to physical illnesses, resulting in a lack of appropriate treatment and low quality of life (Tanner et al. 2014). Late recognition of depression among older persons caused unnecessary distress and increased the cost of health care (Wagner et al. 1999). Previous studies (Saraceno et al. 2005; Murata et al. 2008; Chatterjee et al. 2010)
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