Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium in the Scalp Hair and Blood Samples Related to the Clinical Stages of the Park
- PDF / 279,682 Bytes
- 8 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 31 Downloads / 169 Views
Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium in the Scalp Hair and Blood Samples Related to the Clinical Stages of the Parkinson’s Disease Kanwal Rajput 1 & Hassan Imran Afridi 1
&
Tasneem Gul Kazi 1 & Farah Naz Talpur 1 & Jameel Ahmed Baig 1
Received: 21 February 2020 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Neurodegeneration disorders are complex and multifaceted, leading to many chronic diseases, like Parkinson’s disease (PD). Electrolytes imbalance has a significant role in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders, which might serve as a bioindicator of these problems. In the present study, the disturbances of the electrolytes, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and potassium (K), concentrations, and their correlation with biochemical parameters of PD patients at three different age groups (15 to 75 years) and stages were studied. The all resulted data of PD patients was compared with non-diseased/referents (PD) of same age groups. The biological samples (scalp hair, serum and plasma) were collected from Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, diagnosed at three stages, early (15 to 30 years), mild (30 to 60 years) and severe (61 to 75 years). The electrolyte concentrations were measured after acid digested biological samples using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The precision of the digestion method was verified by matrices matched certified reference materials. The resulted data indicated that the contents of Ca and Mg were found to be higher in scalp hair samples of PD patients at early to severe stages as compared with those results obtained from referents. The concentrations of Na and K were found to be lower for all PD patients groups as compared with referents; however, the difference was not significant (p < 0.05). Electrolytes levels in blood serum and plasma were found to be lower in all patients than healthy groups (p < 0.01). These results suggest a disturbance in the electrolytes homeostasis during the different clinical stages of PD, whereas the higher disturbance was observed in patients at severe stage (61 to 75 years). Keywords Calcium . Magnesium . Potassium . Sodium . Biological Samples . Three stages of Parkinson’s
Introduction The disturbance of nervous system accomplishes due to imbalance of electrolytes. The balance of electrolytes is essential, * Hassan Imran Afridi [email protected] Kanwal Rajput [email protected] Tasneem Gul Kazi [email protected] Farah Naz Talpur [email protected] Jameel Ahmed Baig [email protected] 1
National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
their deficiency/efficiency across the cellular partitions is crucial, and when these relationships are distressed, neurologic problems may build up [1]. The function of electrolytes in neuroscience has been designated that they have multiple roles in neurological disorders/diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases not only impair biologic
Data Loading...
