Soil erosion assessment for developing suitable sites for artificial recharge of groundwater in drought prone region of
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Soil erosion assessment for developing suitable sites for artificial recharge of groundwater in drought prone region of Jharkhand state using geospatial techniques Anamika Shalini Tirkey 1 & Mili Ghosh 1 & A. C. Pandey 2
Received: 3 September 2015 / Accepted: 12 February 2016 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2016
Abstract The study demonstrates the identification of sitespecific watershed management technique using geospatial technology to enhance the groundwater potential of an area. The soil erosion prioritization evaluated using geoinformatics technique and drainage morphometric analysis highlights the utility of multiresources evaluation in sustainable watershed development. The superimposed thematic layers of land use/ land cover, lithology, hydrogeomorphology, drainage, and lineament over the soil erosion variability map helped in suggesting the site-specific location of the water harvesting structures in Daltonganj watershed of Palamu, Jharkhand, India. The spatial variability of the various soil erosion zones indicated that 0.78 and 11.31 km2 are under very high and high soil erosion prone areas, respectively, whereas moderate areas of soil erosion comprised of 11.46 km2 within the Daltonganj watershed. The lower catchment region of the Daltonganj watershed was found to be most prone to very high soil erosion, whereas parts of the lower, middle, and upper catchment regions are significantly prone to high rate of soil erosion. The central regions, however, are low to moderately prone to soil
* Anamika Shalini Tirkey [email protected] Mili Ghosh [email protected] A. C. Pandey [email protected]
1
Department of Remote Sensing, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
2
School of Natural Resources and Management, Centre for Land Resource Management, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Jharkhand, India
erosion. The quantitative drainage morphometric analysis helped to understand the groundwater situation. The present study thus helped in locating suitable sites for water harvesting structures which include 9 check dams, 31 farm ponds, and 9 nala bunds in the watershed, which will help in efficiently monitoring the soil moisture conservation and groundwater recharge and put a check on soil erosion of the area. Keywords Soil erosion . Artificial recharge . Groundwater . Drought
Introduction Water is a precious natural resource whose availability depends upon many factors, such as rainfall, the extent of percolation and groundwater recharge, water storage, and water use. In arid and semi-arid regions, the rainfall distribution is inconsistent in all seasons, and in such areas, groundwater plays an important role and provides the water demands for various purposes like domestic, agricultural, and industrial usage (Khodaei and Nassery 2013). The high dependence on water results in increasing pressures on available groundwater resources in terms of quality and quantity (Srinivasamoorthy et al. 2011). Mapping and monitoring of existing
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