Spectral Analysis of Rat Bone Tissue During Long Antiorthostostatic Hanging and at Introduction of Allogen Hydroxyapatit
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Spectral Analysis of Rat Bone Tissue During Long Antiorthostostatic Hanging and at Introduction of Allogen Hydroxyapatitis E. V. Timchenkoa, P. E. Timchenkoa, *, E. V. Pisarevaa, M. Yu. Vlasovb, L. T. Volovab, O. O. Frolova, Ya. V. Fedorovaa, G. P. Tikhomirovaa, D. A. Romanovaa, and M. A. Daniela a Korolev
b
National Research University (Samara University), Samara, 443086 Russia Samara State Medical University, Institute of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Samara, 443099 Russia *е-mail: [email protected] Received January 21, 2020; revised March 2, 2020; accepted March 28, 2020
The rat bone tissue has been studied when modeling osteoresorption under microgravity conditions. Bone samples of female and male rats with osteoporosis have been studied in the treatment of hydroxyapatite using Raman spectroscopy. The spectral differences between the studied samples (control samples, samples with a model of osteoporosis, and samples with a model of osteoporosis in the treatment of hydroxyapatite) have been established. Keywords: Raman spectroscopy, spectrum, microgravity, osteoporosis, hydroxyapatite DOI: 10.1134/S0030400X20070243
INTRODUCTION Currently, lasers are widely used in many fields [1–3]. Microgravity experienced by astronauts during space flights causes accelerated loss of bone mass and a violation of the mineral exchange of bone tissue occurs, which leads to the development of osteoporosis. The process of adaptation of bone tissue to microgravity conditions is expressed in its remodeling [4] and is accompanied by a change in the kinetics of calcium [5] and a deviation in the level of biochemical markers of metabolism [6]. Their dynamics can provide valuable information about the balance of bone resorption and neoplasm processes after space flight and during the recovery period. The study of bone metabolism after space flights has been conducted since the very beginning of human space exploration, but only recently, as the range of biomarkers has expanded and new methods of studying them have become available, it has become possible to analyze archived samples. However, the data obtained from them are not numerous to date [7, 8]. The development of metabolic changes in the musculoskeletal system can be caused by a decrease in the load on the musculoskeletal system [9]. These processes in longterm space flight is manifested by increased protein catabolism, negative nitrogen balance, and increased excretion of some amino acids and their metabolites such as creatinine, sarcosine, 3-methylhistidine, and hydroxyproline, with a simultaneous change in the activity of several hormones [10]. A decrease in the
ability to deposit potassium in muscle tissue and calcium in bone tissue, which is manifested by a negative balance of calcium, was also found. In a space flight, astronauts are experiencing increasing in the excretion of calcium and the C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen with urine and the content of the bone formation markers such as osteocalcin and procollagen type I C-term
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