Streptococcus suis Meningitis in Humans: the Cause of Emerging Bacterial Infectious Diseases in Brazil? Case Report
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MEDICINE
Streptococcus suis Meningitis in Humans: the Cause of Emerging Bacterial Infectious Diseases in Brazil? Case Report Natalia Chilinque Zambão da Silva 1,2 & Pedro Alberto Varaschin 3 & Cristiane Rocha Castanho 3 & Raquel Scofano dos Santos 3 & Vanessa Silva Camargos 2 & Rachel Alves Molinario Garcia 2 & Patrícia Yvonne Maciel Pinheiro 2 Accepted: 25 October 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Over the past few years, the number of reported human infections caused by ingestion of contaminated food has increased. S. suis infections caused by porcine products in humans present a wide variety of clinical manifestations after they invade the host, such as arthritis, septic shock, polyserositis, meningitis, and endocarditis. This article presents a rare case of meningitis in a Brazilian elderly male after consumption of porcine meat. Bacterial identification was performed with MALDI-TOF, a quick and accurate technique to identify this agent. The minimal inhibitory concentration of ceftriaxone was < 0.12 μg/ml, and the patient underwent a satisfactory course of treatment with ceftriaxone for 14 days. This case shows the importance of adopting sanitary inspection measures in order to avoid potentially lethal events associated with it, during handling, transportation and consumption of porcine meat in a developing country. Keywords Streptococcus suis . Zoonotic pathogen . Meningitis . MALDI-TOF . Food microbiology
Introduction Popularly known as food poisoning, food-transmitted diseases afflict over 500 million people across the globe every year. They are caused by a variety of agents, such as parasites, viruses, and bacteria. The food categories that typically cause intoxication are molluscs, chicken, beef, turkey, fruits, and pork [1, 2]. According to data from the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the streptococcus genus is responsible for 0.5% of reported cases [1, 2]. In the streptococcus genus, the species Streptococcus suis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen of humans who consume contaminated porcine products.
Although this gram-positive facultative anaerobe, αhemolytic coccus, is a primary commensal in pigs, its ingestion in humans could cause meningitis, septicaemia, polyserositis, endocarditis and many other diseases [3]. As well as in other food-transmitted diseases, Streptococcus suis infections affect majorly males and elderly citizens. The mean age ranged between 37 and 63 years of age. Similarly, the large majority of cases occur during the summer months or the rainy season [4, 5]. In this report, we present a rare case of meningitis in an elderly Brazilian patient after eating contaminated pork. All data was collected by records review. We have obtained informed consent from the subject of this study.
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Medicine * Natalia Chilinque Zambão da Silva [email protected] 1
Faculdade de Medicina, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
2
Infection Control Section, Hospital Pasteur, Avenida Amaro Cavalcanti 49
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