Antibiotic resistance related to biofilm formation in Streptococcus suis
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MINI-REVIEW
Antibiotic resistance related to biofilm formation in Streptococcus suis Li Yi 1,2 & Manyu Jin 2,3 & Jinpeng Li 2,3 & Daniel Grenier 4 & Yang Wang 2,3 Received: 13 May 2020 / Revised: 23 August 2020 / Accepted: 31 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is an important zoonotic agent, which seriously impacts the pig industry and human health in various countries. Biofilm formation is likely contributing to the virulence and drug resistance in S. suis. A better knowledge of biofilm formation as well as to biofilm-dependent drug resistance mechanisms in S. suis can be of great significance for the prevention and treatment of S. suis infections. This literature review updates the latest scientific data related to biofilm formation in S. suis and its impact on drug tolerance and resistance. Key points • Biofilm formation is the important reasons for drug resistance of SS infections. • The review includes the regulatory mechanism of SS biofilm formation. • The review includes the drug resistance mechanisms of SS biofilm. Keywords Streptococcus suis . Biofilms . Antibiotic resistance . Regulatory mechanisms . Drug resistance mechanisms
Introduction Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is an important zoonotic agent that can causes arthritis, meningitis, bronchopneumonia, septicemia, and other diseases in humans and animals, thus seriously jeopardizing the health public safety and pig industry (Segura et al. 2017). According to the antigenicity of its capsular polysaccharide (CPS), S. suis is divided into 33 serotypes (serotypes 1–31, 33, 1/2) of which the serotype 2 (S. suis 2) is the most prevalent serotype causing human and pig diseases (Votsch et al. 2018; Wang et al. 2018a). When the immunity Li Yi and Manyu Jin contributed equally to this work.
of pigs declines, biofilm formation by S. suis can induce a persistent infection particularly difficult to cure (Waack and Nicholson 2018). At present, with the inappropriate use of antibiotics, the drug resistance in S. suis is becoming more and more serious, thus negatively impacting on the prevention and control of the infections. In this regard, biofilm formation by S. suis provides a protective barrier promoting the survival of bacteria. Biofilm formation is likely contributing to the virulence and drug resistance in S. suis. Studying the biofilm formation and drug resistance mechanism of S. suis can provide a theoretical basis for further understanding the biofilm formation mechanism, pathogenic mechanism, and the treatment of S. suis infections.
* Yang Wang [email protected] 1
College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
2
Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang, China
3
College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
4
Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale (GREB), Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
Biofilm formation by S. suis and i
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