Structural characterization of martensitic iron-carbon alloy films electrodeposited from an iron(ll) sulfate solution
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A research grant from Volkswagenstiftung is gratefully acknowledged.
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Structural Characterization of Martensitic Iron-Carbon Alloy Films Electrodeposited from an Iron(ll) Sulfate Solution MASANOBU IZAKI and TAKASHI OMI We have devised a new electrolyte fonnulationtl] and reported that the electrodeposited Fe-l.04 mass pct C alloy films up to 200 /zm in thicknesst2] show a micro-Vickers hardness of around HV800531 Since the hardness is above twice those of the industrially employed Fe electrodeposit~41 and corresponds to those of the carburized or nitrided steels, tS~the film is under industrial evaluationt~7as hard coating or an altemative of the thermal surface hardening processes. During the evaluation, there arose a demand for low-carbon Fe-C alloy films from the ductility point of view. In this article, we report structural characterizations of the 100-~tm-thick Fe-C alloy films of 0.43 to 1.26 mass pct C electrodeposited by 20 to 700 A m -2 electrolysis in the original electrolyte. Fe-C alloy films were prepared from the original electrolyte composed of 40 kg m -3 iron(II) sulfate, 1.2 kg m -3 citric acid, and 3.0 kg m -3 L-ascorbic acid kept at 323 K. The Fe film was prepared from a 250 kg m -~ iron(II) sulfate solution kept at 308 K. All solutions were prepared with distilled water and reagent grade chemicals. Stainless-steel sheet cathodes (Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) No. SUS304) of size 20 • 20 • 0.3 mm were degreased in an electrolyte containing 60 kg m -3 KOH and 30 kg m -3 K4P207 and were washed with distilled water prior to electrodeposition. Two plain steel sheets (JIS SPCC) were used as active anodes. Electrodepositions were carried out galvanostatically using a Potentiostat/Galvanostat without stirring, until the deposited alloy films grew to 100 /zm. Carbon and oxygen contents in the films were determined by the evolved gas analysis method. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) measurements were performed using monochromated A1 K~ radiation under operating pressures of less than 10 -6 Pa. Electron binding energies were referenced to that of C 1s line (285.0 eV). Ion etchings were performed using a differentially pumped ion gun. X-ray diffraction measurements were performed using monochromated
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