Structural, optical, and dielectric investigations in bulk PrCrO 3
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Structural, optical, and dielectric investigations in bulk PrCrO3 Ravikiran Late1 · K. V. Wagaskar1 · Pradip B. Shelke1 · Archna Sagdeo2,3 · Parasmani Rajput4 · Pankaj R. Sagdeo5 Received: 11 June 2020 / Accepted: 5 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The polycrystalline powder samples of P rCrO3 have been prepared using conventional solid-state synthesis method. Structural investigations are carried out using Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) followed by Rietveld refinement of diffraction data. Investigations of diffraction data suggest that these samples possess centrosymmetric orthorhombic structure with space group Pnma (or Pbnm) . The valence (charge) state of Cr in PrCrO3 has been determined from X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). Optical properties are studied using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy technique. Optical absorption study reveals that absorption in PrCrO3 ceramic is dominated by d–d electrons of chromium cation (Cr3+). The synthesized compound found to have energy bandgap of 3.20 eV. Based on the results observed, energy level diagram for P rCrO3 has been presented. High dielectric permittivity (𝜀� ) of the order 3 × 103 is observed for the studied sample. Impedance spectroscopy measurement at room temperature on sintered pellet indicates electronic inhomogeneity in the samples as demonstrated by the presence of dielectric relaxation processes associated with highly conducting grain and low conducting grain boundaries. The relaxation mechanism has been explained on the basis of Cole–Cole model. Observed high dielectric permittivity (𝜀� ) and optical energy bandgap (Eg ) indicates that PrCrO3 may find promising application in optoelectronic devices.
1 Introduction Perovskite rare-earth chromites (RCrO3 where R—Rare earth) have generated considerable attention due to their interesting physical properties [1, 2] and potential application in data storage, sensors, and magnetic refrigeration at room temperature [2–8]. This family of perovskite has been * Ravikiran Late [email protected] * Pankaj R. Sagdeo [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, Ahmednagar College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra 414001, India
2
Synchrotron Utilization Section, Raja Ramanna Center for Advance Technology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452013, India
3
Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
4
Atomic & Molecular Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
5
Material Research Laboratory, Discipline of Physics & Centre for Material Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452020, India
researched from last almost six decades [9–14] and still continuing to attract researchers due to its interesting multiferroic and magneto-electric properties [3, 5]. The ferroelectricity observed in the higher members (YCrO3, GdCrO3, HoCrO3) [15–17] of the rare-earth chromit
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