Studies on Cytological Anomalies of Microbial Co-infections in Cervical Lesions
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Studies on Cytological Anomalies of Microbial Co-infections in Cervical Lesions Gangotree Mohanty1
•
Bhagyalaxmi Nayak2 • Ashok Kumar Padhy2
Received: 1 April 2020 / Revised: 24 May 2020 / Accepted: 26 May 2020 Ó Association of Gynecologic Oncologists of India 2020
Abstract Introduction Cervical cancer is the second commonest female cancer worldwide after breast cancer. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a common and necessary cause for cervical cancer development. But due to specific inflammations made by other sexually transmitted/parasitic/microbial infections like Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Wuchereria bancrofti and Candida albicans, the changes in cellular feature and its association with the development of the cervical lesions were not clear. Objectives The aim of the study was to finding out the association between lower genital tract infection and cervical exfoliative cytology. Results Result showed the mean (mean ± sd) age of the women was 36.8 ± 7.7 years with range 30–60 years. Women of age 30–40 years have significantly (p = 0.01) high microbial infection than the negative group. Women who were of younger age at the time of marriage (\ 18 years) were having high microbial infection. We found high microbial infection in ASCUS (86.1% 62/72) than normal cytology of cervix (72.9%, 35/48), LSIL (35.2%, 12/34), HSIL (24.1%, 7/29) and SCC (11.7%, 2/17). 59.0% (118/200) were reported to be with microbial infections in their pap smear. 52.5% (62/118) of the women were having TV infection. TV infection was more prevalent than other microbial infections. Due to microbial infections, cytoplasmic halos, binucleation, nuclear enlargement, nuclear pyknosis and karyorrhexis were seen. Conclusion There is an association between lower genital tract infection and cervical exfoliative cytology made by microbes/STIs/parasites. Due to specific inflammation, the cellular feature of the normal cell has changed and may develop cervical lesions. Keywords Cervical cancer Infection of TV Wuchereria bancrofti Candida albicans
Introduction Cervical cancer continues to be the second commonest female cancer worldwide after breast cancer [1]. HPV is an important factor for development of cervical cancer. Other than HPV there are many microbial infections responsible for lower genital tract infection, but the role of two common sexually transmitted infections (STIs), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and Candida albicans, as a cervical cancer & Gangotree Mohanty [email protected] 1
Department of Zoology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odissa 753003, India
2
Department of Gynaceology and Obstratics, Acarya Harihar Regional Cancer Centre, Cuttack, Odissa, India
carcinogenesis is less clear [2]. Similarly, the role of parasites like Wuchereria bancrofti as a cervical cancer carcinogen is less clear. Due to these above-stated inflammatory pathogens, there is a change that takes place in cervical exfoliative cytology, which if not treated can lead to severe conditions [1] Hence, we aimed to finding out the asso
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