Study of muon tomographic imaging for high- Z material detection with a Micromegas-based tracking system
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Study of muon tomographic imaging for high-Z material detection with a Micromegas-based tracking system Cheng-Ming Liu1 · Qun-Gang Wen2
· Zhi-Yong Zhang1 · Guang-Shun Huang1
Received: 27 February 2020 / Revised: 28 April 2020 / Accepted: 13 May 2020 © Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract Purpose To study the cosmic ray muon tomographic imaging of high-Z material with Micromegas-based tracking system. Method A high-spatial-resolution tracking system was set up with the micro-mesh gaseous structure (Micromegas) detectors in order to study the muon tomographic imaging technique. Six layers of 90 mm × 90 mm one-dimensional readout Micromegas were used to construct a tracking system. Result and conclusion The imaging test using some metallic bars was performed with cosmic ray muons. A two-dimensional imaging of the test object was presented with a newly proposed ratio algorithm. The result of this work shows that the ratio algorithm is well performed. Keywords Muon tomography imaging · Micromegas detector · Ratio algorithm · High spatial resolution
Introduction Muon imaging is a new technique developed to reconstruct images of volumes. According to the behaviors of muons in material, losing energy and absorbed in the material or changing direction after multiple Coulomb scattering, there are two different kinds of muon imaging: muon radiography and muon tomography imaging. A well-defined characteristic of this technique using cosmic ray muons is its non-invasiveness and economical value [1, 2]. Since its introduction in the 1950s [3], muon imaging has been under development for many purposes, such as observation of volcanic activity [1], nondestructive exploration of historical sites [4], monitoring nuclear waste containers [2], potential underground sites used for carbon sequestration [5] and detecting cargo con-
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Qun-Gang Wen [email protected] Zhi-Yong Zhang [email protected] Guang-Shun Huang [email protected]
1
State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
2
AnHui University, Hefei 230061, China
tainers at custom entrances [6]. This work is based on the muon tomography imaging. Muons on Earth are the secondary particles that come from the extensive atmosphere shower of high-energy cosmic rays from space, with a flux about 1 cm−2 min−1 at sea level and an average energy of about 3 GeV. Thus, a high-efficiency and high-spatial-resolution tracing detector is required for timely imaging events. For instance, a GEANT4-based simulation shows that better than 200 µm spatial resolution is required for the imaging of a liter-sized (10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm) uranium cores shielded on each of their six sides by 2.5 cm of material with lower Z (Al or Pb) which were placed at different coordinates within a muon tomography station (3 m × 3 m × 5 m) [6]. A micro-mesh gaseous structure (Micromegas) is a typical micro-pattern gas detector (MPGD), which has good spatial resolution of < 100
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