Studying Output States Generated by Optical Beam Splitter and 2-cascaded BS
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Studying Output States Generated by Optical Beam Splitter and 2-cascaded BS Shi-Min Xu1 · Lei Wang1,2 · Xing-lei Xu1 · Ji-Suo Wang2 Received: 16 May 2020 / Accepted: 12 August 2020 / Published online: 26 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Based on the idea of transition from classical optics to quantum optics we deduce the natural expressions of optical beam splitter (BS) and 2-cascaded BS operators in coherent state representation and also obtain their normally ordered forms. Moreover, we theoretically prepare some desired quantum entangled states and investigate several carried experiments. Finally, our work shall be focused on the following two aspects: the quantum-optical catalysis of the BS and quantum state truncation of the 2-cascaded BS. Keywords IWOP technique · Quantum-optical catalysis · Quantum-state truncation
1 Introduction Quantum properties of optical beam splitter (BS) are manifested in its ability to generate an output entangled state from a nonclassical, but unentangled input [1, 2]. This feature has been exploited in a variety of fundamental experiments, such as preparation of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen [3] and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger [4] states, discrete- [5] and continuous variable [6] quantum teleportation. There have been some previous studies of a beam splitter as an entangler [7–9]. In particular, Paris [9] studied entanglement properties of the output state from a Mach-Zehnder interferometer for squeezed input states. The action of a linear directional coupler can also be described by the beam splitter operator. Photon statistics and nonclassical properties of the output fields from a linear directional coupler have been studied for Fock and squeezed inputs [10]. Ref. [11] studied the improvement of quantum entanglement by catalyzing an arbitrary number of photons on the two-mode squeezed vacuum state (TMSV) in order to understand the effects of quantum catalysis. Refs. [12, 13] theoretically generate a kind of single-photon catalyzed coherent states (SPCCSs) by operating single-photon quantum-optical catalysis on a coherent state based on BS. Ref. [14] researched a catalytic quantum scissors device.
Xing-lei Xu
[email protected] 1
College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong, 274015, China
2
College of Physics and Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
3236
International Journal of Theoretical Physics (2020) 59:3235–3248
In this paper we shall deduce the natural expressions of the BS and 2-cascaded BS operators in coherent state representation based on the idea of transition from classical optics to quantum optics and also obtained their normally ordered forms by virtue of IWOP technique [15–17]. Moreover, we shall theoretically prepare some desired quantum entangled states such as photo-entangled pair and Fan’s entangled state, and investigate several carried experiments. Finally, our work shall be focused on the following two aspects: the quantum-optical catalysis
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