Systems Thinkers
Systems Thinkers presents a biographical history of the field of systems thinking, by examining the life and work of thirty of its major thinkers. It discusses each thinker’s key contributions, the way this contribution was expressed in practice and the r
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Magnus Ramage
•
Karen Shipp
Systems Thinkers
Magnus Ramage The Open University Milton Keynes United Kingdom
Karen Shipp The Open University Milton Keynes United Kingdom
First published in 2009 by Springer London in association with The Open University Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA United Kingdom Copyright © 2009 The Open University All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher or a licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd. Details of such licences (for reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS (website www.cla.co.uk). Open University course materials may also be made available in electronic formats for use by students of the University. All rights, including copyright and related rights and database rights, in electronic course materials and their contents are owned by or licensed to The Open University, or otherwise used by The Open University as permitted by applicable law. In using electronic course materials and their contents you agree that your use will be solely for the purposes of following an Open University course of study or otherwise as licensed by The Open University or its assigns. Except as permitted above you undertake not to copy, store in any medium (including electronic storage or use in a website), distribute, transmit or retransmit, broadcast, modify or show in public such electronic materials in whole or in part without the prior written consent of The Open University or in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. This book forms part of the Open University course TU811 Thinking strategically: system tools for managing change and TU812 Managing systemic change: inquiry, action and interaction. Details of these and other Open University courses can be obtained from the Student Registration and Enquiry Service, The Open University, PO Box 197, Milton Keynes MK7 6BJ, United Kingdom (tel. +44 (0)845 300 60 90, email [email protected]). www.open.ac.uk
ISBN 978-1-84882-524-6 e-ISBN 978-1-84882-525-3 DOI 10.1007/978-1-84882-525-3 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009933589 Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Contents
Introduction ......................................................................................................
1
Early Cybernetics 1
2
3
4
5
Gregory Bateson.........................................................................................
11
Reading from G. Bateson’s work .................................................................
14
Norbert Wiener ..........................................................................................
19
Reading from Wiener’s work ............................
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