Temporal Dynamics of Fishing Affect the Biodiversity of Macrobenthic Epifaunal Communities in the Coastal Waters of Ning
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Temporal Dynamics of Fishing Affect the Biodiversity of Macrobenthic Epifaunal Communities in the Coastal Waters of Ningbo, East China Sea Xun Liu 1,2,3
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Yinong Wang 1 & Haifeng Jiao 4 & Chen Chen 1 & Dong Liu 1 & Huixiong Shi 4 & Zhongjie You 1,4
Received: 13 November 2018 / Revised: 20 August 2019 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Spatio-temporal patterns of macrobenthic epifaunal communities with fishing disturbances indicate that the fishing process directly leads to a decrease in diversity and substratum sediment homogenization. However, it has not yet been explored exclusively at the community reconstruction dynamic level with fishing changes over time. This study monitored the macrobenthic epifaunal communities during the implementation of a fishing moratorium policy in order to elucidate the fishing-driven variations in the macrobenthic epifaunal communities. Bottom trawl surveys were conducted before (BEF), during (DUR), and after (AFT) a summer fishing moratorium. During each survey, macrobenthic species and surface sediment samples were collected from two transects located at two different depths. The results showed that the communities in the DUR phase were undisturbed, while the communities were disturbed in both the BEF and AFT phases. Compared with the BEF and AFT phases, there was an abundance of peak spawning species as well as the impact on macrobenthic communities in relation to the lightened fishing disturbance, significant increases in species richness, abundance, and biomass were observed in the DUR phase. Prohibition of fishing during summer facilitates the resilience of macrobenthic communities by maximizing spawning and reducing bottom disturbance to larval, thereby enhancing overall fishery resources. Keywords Diversity . Fishing moratorium . Trawling ban . Epibenthic community
Introduction Fishing activity is one of the crucial anthropogenic disturbances that drive marine ecosystem changes (Merino et al. 2010). Fishing using mobile gear (e.g., stow net fishing and bottom trawling), has aroused great concern because of its direct effects on species composition and biomass of demersal communities (Kaiser et al. 2006; van Denderen et al. 2014; Lambert et al. 2017). A decrease in benthic density occurs Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s41208-020-00253-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yinong Wang [email protected] 1
School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
2
Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
3
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
4
Ningbo Academy of Oceanology and Fishery, Ningbo, China
immediately after a bottom trawling passage due to mortality resulting from damage caused by the fishing gear (Tuck et al. 1998). Fishing may also indirectly affect benthic communities by disturbing the surface sediment of the sea
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