Tensile, Creep, and Fatigue Behaviors of 3D-Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene
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JMEPEG DOI: 10.1007/s11665-017-2961-7
Tensile, Creep, and Fatigue Behaviors of 3D-Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Hanyin Zhang, Linlin Cai, Michael Golub, Yi Zhang, Xuehui Yang, Kate Schlarman, and Jing Zhang (Submitted October 31, 2016; in revised form September 1, 2017) Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is a widely used thermoplastics in 3D printing. However, there is a lack of thorough investigation of the mechanical properties of 3D-printed ABS components, including orientation-dependent tensile strength and creep fatigue properties. In this work, a systematic characterization is conducted on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed ABS components. Specifically, the effect of printing orientation on the tensile and creep properties is investigated. The results show that, in tensile tests, the 0° printing orientation has the highest YoungÕs modulus of 1.81 GPa, and ultimate strength of 224 MPa. In the creep test, the 90° printing orientation has the lowest k value of 0.2 in the plastics creep model, suggesting 90° is the most creep resistant direction. In the fatigue test, the average cycle number under load of 30 N is 3796 cycles. The average cycle number decreases to 128 cycles when the load is 60 N. Using the Paris pffiffiffiffi law, with an estimated crack size of 0.75 mm, and stress intensity factor is varied from 352 to 700 N m, the derived fatigue crack growth rate is 0.0341 mm/cycle. This study provides important mechanical property data that is useful for applying 3D-printed ABS in engineering applications. Keywords
3D printing, ABS, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, additive manufacturing, creep, fatigue, printing orientation, tensile
1. Introduction Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is a commonly used thermoplastic in 3D printing, where acrylonitrile can provide chemical resistance and impact resistance, butadiene provides toughness and impact resistance, and styrene gives rigidity and easy postprocessing (Ref 1). Therefore, ABS has become a common material in 3D printing due to its various advantages, including heat resistance, low-temperature-impact resistance, glossy surface, easy coloring (Ref 2). Previous research has been done to study the effects of altering process parameters on the physical properties of the printed object, and process parameter effect on the dimensional accuracy and surface finish (Ref 3), and improving the compressive strength (Ref 4). In this study, the research is focused on the effect of printing orientation on the tensile strength of 3D-printed specimens. We have previously studied the effect of printing orientation on tensile strength of 3Dprinted ABS (Ref 5). Brindley et al. (Ref 6) measured the This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at ‘‘Recent Development in Additive Manufacturing: Process and Equipment Development and Applications,’’ held during MS&TÕ16, October 23– 27, 2016, in Salt Lake City, UT, and has been expanded from the original presentation. Hanyin Zhang, Linlin Cai, Michael Golub, Yi Zhang, Xuehui Yang, and Jing Zhang, Departm
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